TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS, OPERATIONS AND CASE STUDIES
1 What are the methods of profiling tourists ? How does it help in promoting a destination ?
2 Discuss various types of museums. How can they be used for educational purposes ?
3 Discuss the city of
4 Discuss the adventure sports tourism with special reference to
5 Write a detailed note on the importance of crafts and folk art in the promotion of tourism?
6 Give a detailed account of the project of 'Palace Wheels'. Is it a successful project ?
7 Discuss the policy of the government for marketing Indian tourism outside
8 What do you understand by highway services ? How has the state of Haryana used them for promoting tourism ?
9 Describe the basic concept of beach and island tourism with examples from Kovalam and Lakshdweep ?
10 Write short notds on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(i) Taj Mahal as a monument
(ii) Khajurahofestival
(iii) Gir National Park
(iv) Tirupati and Kamakhya
11 Write a comprehensive note on the anthropology of tourism?
12 How are escorting Services important for tourism ? Discuss
13 Prepare a plan for a group of foreign tourists to undertake a daylong tour of any popular tourist city of
14 Describe Mumbai as a business city ?
15 Discuss the usefulness of adventure sports for tourism and give suitable examples?
16 Examine the tourism potential of Kovalam beach resort?
17 Write an essay on evolutionary stages of the growth of the pilgrim Tourism in
18 Describe Palace on wheels and its significance as a tourism product?
19 What is Operation Europe ? How did it help tourism ? Discuss.
20 Write about 300 words each on any two of the following :
(a)
(b)PATA
(c) Heritage Hotels
21 What is the advantage of profiling tourists ? How do you profile foreign tourists ? Explain.
22 Describe Taj Mahal to a group of domestic tourists visiting AgrU for the first time?
23 Take a group of foreign tourists on a visit to Prince of Wales Museum, Mumbai and describe it to them?
24 Write a detailed letter to your friend giving information about Khajuraho Festival?
25 Discuss the role of cuisine in promoting a tourism destination?
26 Discuss the historic importance of jim
27 Examine the role of cultural festivals in tourism in
28 Give an account of Kalinga-Bali yatra and its significance for Regional tourism?
29 Give details of Heritage Hotel Scheme and discuss its role in tourism promotion ?
30 Write about 300 words each on any following :
(a) Guest Host Relationship.
(b) Highway Services.
(c) Arts and Crafts in Tourism.
31 Mention the factors that effect the Guest-Host relationship in Tourism Industry ?
32 What are the attributes of a good wildlife Tourism Guide ? What are the problems faced by wildlife Tourism Guides and Escorts ?
33 As a Tour Manager, explain the points to consider while preparing for a tour. Also mention the problems one may encounter with tourists during a tour?
34 Explain with the help of an example, the role of Dance Festivals in attracting tourists to
35 Examine the tourism potential of
36 Explain the role of crafts and folk art in Tourism?
37 Write an essay on the Kalinga-Bali Yatra?
38 Discuss the role and importance of PATA in the Tourism Industry ?
39 What do you understand by Heritage Hotel ? Explain the features of a Heritage Hotel.
40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each
(a) Taj Mahal
(b) Hindu Pilgrimage sites in
(c) Beach Tourism
MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM
MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM
1 Mention the skills required to be an entrepreneur ?
2 Define management. Discuss the various management iszues in tourism?
3 Define the {ollowing in about 100 words each :
(i) Business Traveller
(ii) Balance Sheet
(iii) Projgct Appraisal
(iv) Controlling
4 Discuss the steps you would take to plan a convention?
5 Discuss the relevance of public relations in tourism business?
6 What do you understand by Human Resource Management ? Discuss its importance for tourism organisations?
7 Write an essay on food service management ?
8 How has information technology changed the management functions in tourism? Answer with examples.
9 Discuss the significance of management concept and the roles and responsibilities of a manager in present day competitive and multinational
business environment.?
10 What kind of qualities are required to become a successful Entrepreneurship in Tourism ?
11 Discuss the various views related to organisation structures?
12 What is Transactional Analysis ? Discuss its importance in relation of Tourism Business?
13 Write a note on Human Resource Management in Tourism ?
14 Discuss the role of I.T. on the various sectors tourism. Give relevant examples ?
15 Discuss the essential components of a tour package?
16 Discuss the role of Public Relation in tourism.?
17 Do you think Low Cost Carriers in
18 "Convention is an integral part of modern tourism business." Comment ?
19 Discuss the role of small and Medium Enterprises in economic growth of a country?
20 Discuss the important management issues involved in tourism trade.
21 What are the various steps involved in planning ? Discuss with reference to a tourism
organisation.
22 Discuss the importance of interpersonal behaviour in tourism business?
23 Write short notes (any two) :
(a) Ego States
(b) Life Position
(c) Recruitment
(d) Selection Process
24 What are the different components of Marketing Mix in tourism ? Which one would you recommend for Indian Tourism ?
25 . Write short notes (any two) :
(a) Profit and Loss statement
(b) Balance Sheet
(c) Profitability Analysis
(d) Break Even Point
26 Differentiate between tour operator and travel agent. What are the various linkages in
travel trade ?
27 Discuss the importance of Public Relation in Tourism ?
28 How do you foresee the future of Convention Industry in
29 Define Management. Mention the roles and responsibilities of a Manager in a tourism
organisation?
30 Why is decision making important in tourism trade ? Discuss the steps involved in decision making.
31 Explain Conflict. Discuss how conflict influence inter-group relations and group performance ?
32 Discuss the importance of human resource management in tourism ?
33 Write an essay on sources of finance?
34 As a manager, what type of briefings would you give to your subordinates for the smooth conduct of a tour ?
35 Analyse various issues related to tourism transport management?
36 What are the managerial tasks involved in organising conventions ?
37 Explain the responsibilities of a tour manager in conducting a tour?
38 Write about 300 words each on any two of the following :
(a) Management issues in hotels
(b)Public relations in Tourism
(c) Profitability analysis
INDIAN CULTURE : PERSPECTIVE FOR TOURISM
INDIAN CULTURE : PERSPECTIVE FOR TOURISM
1 Discuss customs and rituals related to life cycle?
2 How can various archaeological sites in
3 Critically examine the stylistic classification of music in
4 Differentiate between Hindi cinema and regional cinema. Analyse in brief the achievements of Indian cinema ?
5 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(i) Mughal Architecture
(ii) Parsi Theatre
(iii) Papier Mache
6 Analyse chief characteristic features of north Indian cities in the 6th century B.C. ?
7 Discuss the growth of Indian handicrafts. Enumerate the weaknesses of the handicrafts sector inIndia?
8 Examine salient features of tourism policy in
9 Discuss various sculptural forms of ancient
10 Write a note on major Hindu sects?
11 Describe the richness of Indian culture and its assimilative traditions ?
12 Write a brief note on some of the major fairs and festivals of
13 Write a detailed note on the conservation of culture ?
14 Analyse the socio-cultural changes during theGupta period ?
15 Trace the development of cinema in post independence
16 Discuss the development of Mughal architecture.Name at least five important Mughal monuments which are used as tourist attraction ?
17 Write a note on Indian textiles and custumes ?
18 Discuss beliefs, cultural patterns and dress styles of some of the important tribes of
19 Assess the growth of wood and metal crafts of
20 Write short notes an any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(a) Mohenjodaro
(b) Modern Indian Paintings
(c) Folk Theatre
(d) Ancient Sculpture
21 Discuss 'Cultural involution' in the case of Bali and Toraja. What significance can it have in Indian case ?
22 Give an account of the main features of Bhakti and Sufi movements in
.
23 Discuss the essential elements that constitute Indian music ?
24 Discuss various forms of modern Indian theatre.How can theatre contribute in the promotion of tourism ?
25 Write a note on the stupa and rock-cut architecture in Ancient India ?
26 Discuss the roles of the Museum in the promotion of Tourism ?
27 What is identity ? Discuss the formation of Tribal identity?
28 What are the government policies for the development of tourism in
29 What is the role of mass media in development of tourism ?
30 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each ,
(a) Pottery in the Ganga Valley
(b) Image of women in Indian Cinema
(c) Kumbh Mela
(d) Papier Mache.
31 Discuss the important characteristics of Indian festivals and fairs. Can they be used as tourism products ?
32 Discuss the main features of Indo-Islamic architecture. Pick up any 2 monuments of your choice ?
33 Describe the main tribal zones of
34 Write a note on the development of modern Indian theatre ?
35 List the main textiles of
36 Why is the conservation of culture important ? Explain the main aspects of this conservation.
37 Write a note on the evolution of modern Indian painting?
38 Discuss the various features of the Bhakti and Sufi movements in
39 Write a note on the importance of stone craft in the Indian handicrafts tradition ?
40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(a) Rock-cut architecture
(b) Women in Indian Cinema
(c)Educational Role of Museums
(d)Tradition of Religious Tolerance in India
ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM
ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM
1 Explain the meaning of Abiotic Environment with the help of appropriate examples?
2 Discuss the impact of tourism on environment and suggest measures to reduce adverse impacts ?
3 Write an essay on Responsible Tourism ?
4 What is Tourism Master Plan ? Explain.
5 Analyse critically the relationship between conservation requirements and development ?
6 Describe Chipko Movement and the debate on building large dams in
7 Discuss how tourism is both an opportunity to the locals as well as pressure on locals?
8 Evaluate the impact of tourism on wildlife?
9 Discuss the importance of wetlands. Also examine the impact ol tourism on wetlands ?
10 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(i) The Aquatic Biomes
(ii) Indian Philosophy and Environment
(iii) VisitorBehaviour
(iv) The Making of Shimla
(v) Adventure Sports
11 What are the different components of the abiotic environment ? How have they changed with time ?
12 Explain main elements of Indian philosophical views on environment?
13 Write an essay on the relationship between environment and development?
14 What is multiplier effect ? How does it affect the economy of an area
15 How does tourism affect environment ? Discuss critically.
16 How did the National Action plan of 1992 affect tourism ? Describe.
17 How would you identify pressures and assess thresholds on environment in the context of tourism ?
18 Write a note on the process through which various mountains were transformed into hill stations ?
19 What are wetlands ? How does excessive tourism affect them ?
20 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(a) Hotels and Resorts
(b) Wildlife
(c) Politics of Environment
(d) Tourism Master Plan
21 Describe in detail the nature of terrestrial biomes of the world ?
22 How is environment described in the Indian philosophical tradition ? Discuss.
23 Does tourism activity always affect environment adversely ? Examine.
24 Examine the importance of regional assets in tourism development ?
25 Discuss the role of locals in tourism development ?
26 Examine the nature of wild life in any two biogeographic zones of
27 Describe how the hill-stations of
28 Examine the character of beaches in
29 Write an essay on the water sports in
30 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(a) The Ecosystem and its components
(b) Sustainable Development
(c) Importance of Tourism Master Plan
(d) India Tourism Policy-1982
(e) Visitor Behaviour and Environment.
31 What are biomes ? Describe some of the terrestrial biomes of the world.
32 How has the environmental question been understood in the Indian philosophical
tradition ?
33 Write a note on the nature of relationship between environment and development?
34 Define 'Community'. How have local communities been influenced by tourism ?
35 Write a note on tourism as a tool for conservation.
36 Write an essay on the politics of environment?
37 What are the ways in which the local physical environment is affected by visitor behaviour ?
38 Write a note on wild life ? How does it get affected by tourism ?
39 Write an essay on the role of different kind of accommodation in promoting tourism?
40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(a) Tourism Master Plan
(b) Wet Lands
(c) Hill Stations
(d) Multiplier Effects
TOURISM MARKETING
TOURISM MARKETING
1 Discuss the relevance of marketing in tourism Answer with examples?
2 What do you understand by international tourism markets ? Mention about some tourism markets for
3 Write an essay on socially responsible marketing Give examples also ?
4 What do you understand by product designing in tourism ? Can every tourism resource be treated as a tourism product ?
5 What is marketing ? How would you make a marketing plan for a travel agency ?
6 Discuss the emerging trends in domestic tourism?
7 What do you mean by marketing research ? Why is it important in tourism business ?
8 "Tourism will not flourish unless local bodies are involved in the profit sharing". Comment ?
9 Write a note on social marketing ?
10 Describe tourism product. What elements should you consider while designing a tourism product ?
11 Discuss the 4 P's of Marketing Mix. Why do we need a fifth 'P' (People) ?
12 "
13 Discuss the challenges and problems faced by the tourists in the sphere of accommodation?
14 Discuss the functions of a tour operator ?
15 Discuss the main features of the tourism marketing. How would you make a plan for a
travel agency ? Explain.
16 What do you mean by market segmentation ? Discuss the basis for segmentation in tourism marketing.
17 What are the strategic options available to a marketeer to fight the competition ? Discuss.
18 Discuss the importance of technology in tourism trade?
19 What aspects would you consider important while developing a tourist transport product ?
20 What is alternative accofiunodation ? Discuss the salient features of alternative accommodation.
21 What is Destination Marketing ? Suggest a marketing strategy to market
22 Write a note on trade fares and travel marts?.
23 What are the components of Tourism marketing Explain ?
24 Discuss the Concept of socially Responsible Marketing applicable to tourism business ?
25 "Marketing starts with consumer and ends with consumer". Discuss with special reference to tourism business?
26 Why market segmentation is important ? Discuss the basis of market segmentation.
27 Discuss the major foreign tourist generating markets for
28 "Cuisine has a prominent role in tourism promotion". Discuss ?
29 Discuss the role of events and activities in tourism marketing ?
30 "Marketing Research (MR) is the key to success".Discuss the statement in the changing scenario How MR helps the business man ?
31 Write short notes on any two about 300 words each :
(a) Public organisations
(b)Role of Local Bodies
(c) Role of NGOs
(d) Social marketing
32 Describe the contents of tourism marketing mix?
33 What are FAM Tours ? Discuss the importance of FAM tours in tourism industry.
34 Discuss the role of commissions in tourism marketing ?
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
1 What makes career planning a success ?
2 Write a note on counselling?
3 Discuss the reasons for employees' grievances.?
4 Why is employees' motivation required in a travel agency ? As a manager, how will you motivate the employees ?
5 Discuss on-the-job training methods?
6 Discuss the functions and operations of Personnel Management?
7 What is job analysis and job description ? Discuss their importance in an organisation?
8 Describe the phases in the design and implementation of a Human Resource Accounting System?
9 What are the approaches for effective Human Resource Information System ?
10 Discuss the concept and objectives of Human Resource Planning ?
11 What are the objectives of Human Resource Planning (HRP) ? Describe the micro and macrolevel Scenario of HRP in Hospitality Industry. Explain staff training and development. How are they different from each other ?
12 What do you understand by job Evaluation ? Describe its advantages.
13 Differentiate between Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory and Herzberg's Two factor Theory?
14 What is career planning and how it differs from manpower planning ?
15 What do you understand by counselling functions ? Answer with suitable examples.
16 Describe performance appraisal. What are the different methods of performance appraisal ?
17 What is grievance ? What different methods can be adopted by an organisation to redress the grievances of it's employees ?
18 Define the term "Discipline". Explain its meaning and purposes?
19 Write about 300 words each on any two of the following :
(a) Transfer and promotion
(b) Selection Test
(x) Human Resource Audit
(d) Job enrichment
20 What is Human Resource Planning? Discuss its need in hospitality industry?
21 What are the diff erent manpower supply forecasting techniques?
22 Discuss the functions and operations of personnel management ?
23 What are the objectives of training and how it is useful for an otganrzation ?
24 Describe "Maslow's Need Hierarchy theory of Motivation" in detail?
25 Write an essay on the importance of Human Resource Planning?
26 What do you understand by Human Resource Audit ? Mention the steps required in it.
27 Discuss the various job evaluation methods ?
28 Discuss the functions of a Personnel Office ?
29 Write short notes on any of the following :
(a) Induction Placement.
(b) Job Analysis.
(c) Task Analysis.
30 How are motivation and career planning related to employee's efficiency and productivity ? Give examples while answering
31 Define the following :
(a) Counselling.
(b)Job description.
(c) Human Resource Information System.
(d) Manpower Forecasts.
32 Why is on-the-job training essential in any service organisation ? Discuss its merits and demerits?
33 Devise a career plan for a management trainee in a leading travel or hospitality organisation?
34 Discuss the manpower supply forecasting techniques?
CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION
BACHELOR OF EDUCATION
ES-331 : CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Define the term Curriculum. Explain the basic considerations in Curriculum planning.
2. Describe Instructional planning. What are the steps involved in it ?
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What are various strategies of training to instil teaching skills among teachers ? Describe any one with suitable examples.
4. What do you mean by system approach to instruction ? How will you as a teacher, use system approach in teaching secondary school students ? Illustrate your answer with example.
5. Answer the following questions. Answer in about 150 words each :
(i) What are the different bases of curriculum development ?
{ii) What is micro teaching ? How is it different from simulated teaching ?
(iii) Describe three characteristics of instructional objectives in behavioural terms, with examples.
(iv) What is team teaching ? Discuss its merits and demerits.
(v) Differentiate between class-room management and class-room discipline.
{vi) Differentiate between norm referenced tests and criterion referenced tests.
(vii) Mention the aims and types of project work in brief.
6. Answer the following question in out 600 words.
After visiting a Learning Resource Centre or Teaching Aids library in a nearby college of education, write a critical report on the status and use of the resource centre.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What do you understand by the term Curriculum ? Explain the major approaches to Curriculum Development.
2. Describe the important activities to be taken for organising interactive session in the class. Illustrate with suitable examples.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What is the meaning of probing skills ? Explain their uses with examples.
4. Explain with examples the various steps involved in preparation of instructional material.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(I) Explain the methods of curriculum evaluation.
(ii) What is a resource centre ? Mention the use of resource centre for a teacher.
(iii) Explain Hilda Taba Model of Curriculum Development.
(iv) Define instructional objectives with their advantages and limitations.
(v) Mention the innovative trends in curriculum.
(vi) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of lecture method.
(vii) What do you mean by activity based instruction ? Explain with examples.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
While imparting instruction in your classroom, you must have come across many classroom problems. Describe how did you manage them.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
'The main problems of curriculum are lack of sequence, continuity and integration of content included in curriculum.' Discuss the statement with convincing arguments.
2. Describe the components and sub-system of a given instructional system and explain their integration.
3. Answer the following ql.restion in about 600 words'
Describe as to how the teacher, the student and the environment can function as resources for instruction.
4. Discuss the mechanisms of efleclive management of instruction.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) Discuss how a well planned curriculum can make teaching and learning more effective.
(ii) Discuss the role of different types of reinforcements in classroom teaching.
(iii) Describe learner-related factors which influence curriculum developrhent and transaction.
(iv) Describe the role of formative evaluation in curriculum development.
(v) Identify common defects of teaching through demonstration and suggest suitable measures to remove them.
(vi) Fxplain with examples the procedure of conducting group-investigation of a problem.
(vii) How will you formulate instructional strategy for your teaching ? Discuss.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words'
You have studied about flow-charting the content in Block 3,/ES-331.
(i) Analyse the content of a topic of your choice from your discipline/subject and present it through aflow chart.
(iil Justify the flow chart you have presented.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What do you mean by the concept "curriculum emluation" ? Why do we evaluate curriculum ? Discuss.
2. Describe with example the input-process-output model of a system as applicable to any instructional system.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain with examples various teaching skills required for effective teaching at the Secondary/Senior .Secondary School level.
4. Discuss with examples the following training strategies :
(i) Interaction analysis
(ii) Simulation
5.. Answer each question in about 150 words
(i) How is
(ii) Explain the role of various factors to be taken into view while planning a curriculum :
(iii) Identify and briefly a<plain the causes that make a given instructional system inefficient.
(iv) Dfferentiate between various styles of programmed instruction.
(v) Describe the organisation and evaluation of the micro-teaching approach.
(vi) Discuss various levels of instruction with the help of examples.
(vii) Discuss merits and demerits of activity based instruction.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
You have studied instructional media in Block 4/ES 331. You must have watched/listened to some educational TV /radio programme.
o Present an overview of the content, objectives, format and learning outcomes of the programme.
o Discuss the rationale for selection of the medium (television or radio).
o Suggest measures to improve effectiveness of the programme.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What are different viewpoints on the concept of curriculum ? Which one do you prefer most and why ?
2. Discuss the organisation of the three types of instructional systems. Describe teacher's role in these systems.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Describe the various types of teacher-based instructional activities, with examples, from the subject that you are teaching.
4. Describe various techniques of classroom management which help in better learning outcomes.
5. Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words :
(i) Explain and differentiate between macro-level and micro-level curriculum evaluation.
(ii) What are the components of communication system and how are they relevant to classroom instruction ?
(iii) Differentiate between simulated teaching and micro teaching.
(iv) Write instructional objectives of any topic you have taught in your class with mental abilities involved in them.
(v) Discuss the components associated with the skill of stimulus variation.
(vi) Briefly describe various instructional resources with special reference to environment as a resource.
6.. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
"You, as a teacher, might have felt that the existing curriculum of secondary or senior secondary school should be need-based and related to socio-economic and political scenario of the society." What are the emerging trends in curriculum for the future so as to produce socially productive citizens ?
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the three major approaches to curriculum development with suitable examples.
2. Describe in brief six aspects of a curriculum which determine various approaches of developing it.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What are the various strategies pertaining to instruction and classroom management required to manage your instructional activities most effectively ?
4. Discuss instructional objectives on the basis of Bloom's cognitive system or REIM system.
5. Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words :
(i) Discuss with suitable examples various innovative teaching techniques adopted by a teacher in transacting the curriculum.
(ii) What skills are needed to use various media in the teaching-learning process to cater to the individual differences of your students ?
(iii) Discuss the role of the teacher in curriculum planning.
(iv) Write a short note on Computer-Assisted Instruction.
(v) Why are some students non-responsive to the questions asked ? What remedial mechanism is required for such students ?
(vi) Identify and briefly explain various resources that could be used to make instruction effective.
(vii) Why do the teachers prefer non-projected to projected visual media ? Give suitable examples of both the media.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
During teacher's training programme you are supposed to acquire requisite competencies and skills to teach effectively. State those skills and competencies and explain as to how they are helpful in making an effective teacher.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Differentiate among process, structure and humanistic approaches to curriculum.
2.Discuss the relative influence of development and social considerations of curriculum planning.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Describe the input-process-output model of a system as applicable to any instructional system.
4. What do you mean by activity-based instruction ? Discuss its merits and demerits.
5. Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words.
(i) Discuss the importance of formative evaluation in developing need-based curriculum.
(ii) Differentiate learning from instruction. Support your answer with suitable examples.
(iii) How will you assess the effectiveness of the lecture method ?
(iv) Write short notes on the following :
(a) Analysis category/level of cognitive objectives
(b) Synthesis category/level of cognitive objectives
(v) Discuss the role of classroom management in effective teaching.
(vi) Discuss the advantages of cooperative learning in your classroom.
(vii) How does the skill of questioning make your teaching more effective ? Discuss.
(viii) Why should we use Over Head Projector (OHP) in comparison to other projected media ? How will you prepare OHP transparencies ?
6.. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Choose a topic of your interest from the subject of the area you are teaching in your school. Develop programmed learning material on it using linear style.
PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT
PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Answer the following in about 600 words.
Clarify the concepts of growth and development. Discuss the role of a teacher in facilitating the growth and development of the higher secondary school students.
2. What do you mean by Cognitive Development ? Explain Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
3. Answer the following in about 600 words.
Explain different factors that affect the development of personality. Describe the impact of mass media on the personality development of adolescents.
4. Explain the concept of learning and briefly describe its different theories.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each
(i) Explain with examples emotional development of an individual.
(ii) What is humanistic approach to learning ? Describe its characteristics.
(iii) What do you mean by domains of learning ? Give suitable examples for different domains.
(iv) Explain the concepts of intelligence, aptitude and creativity, with suitable examples.
(v) Explain intrinsic and extrinsic motivation with suitable examples.
(vi) Define the concepts of heredity and environment. How do heredity and environment influence the growth and development of an individual ?
(vii) Explain the nature and process of verbal learning.
6. Answer the following in about 600 words.
How will you identify maladjusted students in your class ? How will you as a teacher solve the psychological and social problems of such students ? Explain,
1. Explain the concept of development. Discuss the role of the teacher in facilitating human development.
2.Explain the concept of cognitive development with special reference to Piaget's framework for conceptualising child development. Discuss factors facilitating cognitive development,
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Discuss Bio-social and Psychoanalytical approaches to personality giving propositions of prominent propounders of these approaches.
4. List major tenets of the Humanistic approach to learning. Discuss the contributions of Maslow towards Humanistic Psychology.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) Discuss personal factors influencing the process of learning.
(ii) Explain any three levels of cognitive domain or area.
(iii) Discuss in brief the nature and development of values in school system.
(iv) Define the concept of `Locus of Control' and explain its dimensions giving examples.
(v) Explain the nature and types of psychological conflicts.
(vi) What is meant by Defence Mechanism' ? Discuss any three defence mechanisms giving suitable examples.
(vii) What do you understand by `Social Maturity' ? Explain briefly its relationship with socialadjustment.
6. - Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Suppose you have identified one backward and one gifted student in your class. Describe the method you used to identify each of them. Discuss the principles you would follow in guiding ; A - the backward student and B --the gifted student. Summarise the contrasting characteristics of A and B.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Differentiate between the concepts of growth and development. Discuss adolescence as the crucial stage of human development.
2. Explain the concept and nature of personality. Discuss the psychoanalytical and psychosocialapproaches in understanding personality.
3. Answer the following question, in about 600 words.
Explain the psychometric approach to understand the concept of intelligence. Discuss appropriate instructional strategies for handling individual differences of the learners at various levels of intelligence.
4. Explain the concept of learning. Discuss various characteristics of learning with suitable examples.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) Explain the principles of learning deduced from the learning theory of Thorndike.
(ii) Explain nature of social adjustment and social maturity with examples.
(iii) Discuss briefly the relationship between heredity and environment on growth and development of the individual.
(iv) Define the concept of motivation and explain its role in learning.
(v) Discuss teachers' role in improving group relationship in a school.
(vi) Briefly discuss broad classification of students with special needs with reference to physical and mental aspects.
(vii) Discuss impact of various mass media on personality development of school children.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
One of your students has secured 95% in the Board's examination. How will you find out whether he is gifted or creative ? In case you have identified him as a gifted student, what steps would you follow while guiding him in the school ?
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the behaviourist approach to learning. Discuss its educational implications.
2 Explain the concept of transfer of learning. Discuss different types of transfer of learning and explain their educational implications.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the genetic basis of individual differences. Discuss the role of heredity in influencing the mental development of the learners.
4. Discuss special needs of learners/children from the deprived section of society. What role will you play in fulfilling those needs ?
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) What do you understand by affective domain ? Discuss the main organising principles in affective domain.
(ii) Discuss the importance of social maturity.
(iii) Discuss any three characteristics of gifted children.
(iv) Discuss the relationship between maturity and learning. Give suitable examples in support of your answer.
(v) Explain any three basic assumptions that are necessary for providing guidance to the learners.
(vi) What are the various causes of conflicts ? How would you resolve the conflicts among your students ?
(vii) Describe the characteristics of a creative child.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
How will you identify socially maladjusted students in your class ? How will you help them in making their social adjustment better ? Justify your answer with suitable examples.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Describe various stages of human development. Discuss the role of teacher in facilitating the development of the learners.
2. What is meant by 'individual differences' ? Discuss the factors producing individual differences.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Define the students with special educational needs. Describe the teacher's role in meeting the educational, social and psychological needs of such students.
4. Explain the concept of learning. Discuss personal factors that influence learning, with suitable examples.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) Explain Piaget's views on moral development.
(ii) Discuss the role of teacher in the development of
adolescent personality.
(iii) Explain the meaning of interest and its development in studies at school.
(iv) Discuss the implications of verbal learning for class-room practice.
(v) Briefly discuss the environmental factors influencing learning.
(vi) Mention the different types of conflicts and explain the measures for resolving them.
(vii) Differentiate between Guidance, Counselling and Psychotherapy.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Discuss some effective methods of learning which you would like your students to practice in the class and home. Illustrate your answer with relevant examples.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the characteristics of socio-emotional development of secondary and senior secondary school students. Discuss teacher's role in facilitating their development.
2. Explain the concept of personality. Dscuss the main hereditary and environmental factors which influence the personality development.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. .
Explain the concept of learning. Discuss main characteristics of Piaget's cognitive approach to learning.
4. Explain the concept ol adjustment. Discuss chamcteristics of a well-adjusted and a maladjusted person giving suitable examples.
5- Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words :
(i) "Adolescence. is a period of stress and strain. " Explain.
(ii) Explain the characteristics oI language development in children.
(iii) Explain the nafure and types of motivation.
(iv) Briefly discuss the misconcepts regarding heredity and environment.
(v) Explain . the main factors that influence classroom learning.
(vi) Explain the characteristics of the gifted and talented students.
(vii)Differentiate between guidance and counselling with suitable examples.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the concept of group dynamics. Describe five activities which you would like to undertake in the class for improving the group relationship among your students.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Differentiate between growth and development with the help of suitable examples. Why should a teacher study the principles governing growth and development ?
2. Explain the concept of individual differences. Discuss the individual differences in intelligence and creativity with suitable examples.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the concept and types of motivation. How does motivation contribute to enhance children's academic achievement ?
4. Discuss the influence of personal and environmental factors on classroom learning. Give examples.
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) "Adolescence is a period of storm and stress." Elaborate.
(ii) What should a school do to ensure healthy social development of children ?
(iii) How do children attain new concepts ?
(iv) How does cognitive domain of learning differ from affective domain ?
(v) How will you facilitate students' adjustment in schools ? Discuss.
(vi) Explain the meaning and nature of guidance. How is it related to counselling ?
(vii) Explain the situations in which you can use the method of spaced and unspaced learning.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Prepare a plan for the identification of emotionally maladjusted children in your class. Discuss the strategies you shall devise to help such children.
EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION
EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION
1. Answer the following in about 600 words.
Define `Evaluation' and discuss its relationship with `Measurement' and `Assessment' by giving suitable examples.
2. Distinguish between, norm-referenced' and 'criterion-referenced' tests with suitable examples.
3. Answer the following in about 600 words.
Explain the concept and significance of `self-reporting technique' of evaluation. Elaborate various suggestions and precautions to be taken into consideration while using this technique for evaluation of learning outcomes.
4. Define the term `Reliability'. Describe three approaches to estimate reliability of an achievement test.
5. Write notes on the following in about 120 words each :
(a) Sociogram and its uses
(b) Advantages and disadvantages of standardised tests ~c} Importance and use of `Prognosis'
(d) Normal probability curve ' - its concept and applications
(e) Mean, Mode and Median -- uses and limitations in class-room evaluation
(f) Instructional objectives -- Importance and Types Concept and significance of Blue-print
(g) Projective techniques and their usage in organising class-room instruction
6. Answer the following in about 600 words.
Identify four difficult concepts / learning areas from your teaching subject which require remedial material for ensuring clear understanding of students. Describe the nature of remedial material and steps involved in preparation of such remedial materials. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain teaching - learning process and discuss the role of evaluation in it, with suitable examples.
2. What do you understand by Summative and Formative evaluation ? Give four important differences between Summative and Formative evaluation. Support your answer with examples.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain Norm-referenced and Criterion-referenced tests. Discuss their use in evaluation of learners' performance with suitable examples,
4. Explain the concept, forms and use of `Projective techniques' with suitable examples.
5. . Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :
(I) Difficulty level and Discriminatory power of the test
(ii) Teacher-made test : Advantages and Disadvantages
(iii) Absolute and Comparative grading
(iv) Percentiles concept and use in class-room evaluation
(v) BIue-print - concept and use in question paper preparation
(vi) Rating scale : Types and use
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Select a topic from your teaching subject. Construct an achievement test on the basis of blue-print. The test must have nine test items i.e. three items each belonging to three categories of objectives i.e. Knowledge, Understanding and Application respectively.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain various components of `Evaluation' and define Evaluation with the help of suitable examples.
2. What is meant by `self-reporting' technique of evaluation ? Mention any four self-reporting instruments. What precautions will you keep in mind while evaluating through self-reporting technique ?
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the meaning and importance of educational diagnosis. Discuss the purpose and use of diagnostic tests.
4. What is the need and importance of Remedial material ? Explain the process of preparation and use of Remedial material with suitable examples.
5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :
(i) Characteristics of good evaluation tool
(ii) Item analysis - concept and use
(iii) External evaluation - advantages and disadvantages
(iv) Anecdotal record - concept and its use
(v) Sociogram - concept and use
(vi) Normal probability curve - its theoretical base and properties
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Mention the various steps involved in construction of Criterion-Referenced test. Take up a unit in your subject and construct criterion-referenced test having 12 items on the basis of above mentioned steps.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Mention and discuss the basic features that characterise a `good' evaluation tool.
2. What is diagnostic testing ? In what way is it helpful to teachers/students in improving classroom teaching/ learning ?
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Discuss the use of `observation' as a technique for evaluating non-scholastic aspects of student behaviour. How should the teacher ensure the reliability and validity of observation ?
4. Mention and discuss in brief the steps for -constructing and standardising an achievement test.
5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each
(i) Prepare a good marking scheme for the annual examination in your subject of teaching.
(ii) Differentiate . between Absolute and Comparative grading.
(iii) Discuss use, advantages and disadvantages of oral tests.
(iv) Develop outline of a scheme of comprehensive evaluation for students of Secondary Education.
(v) Differentiate between Mean, Median and Mode and their interpretation.
(vi) Discuss how . coefficient of correlation is misinterpreted.
(vii) Differentiate between grading and numerical marking.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Choose a teaching unit of the subject of your choice. Give examples (2 each) of different types ofassignments you would give to your students of Class IX. What actions as follow-up of theseassignments will you take ?
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What relationship do you perceive among the three pairs of evaluation approaches ?
formative - summative,
internal - external,
norm-referenced - criterion-referenced,
Explain each in brief.
2. ' Identify and explain the three domains of the instructional objectives. Further, mention and clarify the levels of classification of any one of the three domains. Provide examples for different levels.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain various types of validity. Also, discuss the extrinsic and intrinsic factors influencing the reliability of test scores.
4. What do you understand by `objectivity as a criterion' of a good evaluation tool ? How will you ensure it ?
5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each :
(i) Mention types of objective type questions with examples. Also point out their merits and demerits.
(ii) What are question banks ? Discuss briefly their use in students' evaluation.
(iii) Briefly discuss the functions, advantages and disadvantages of continuous evaluation.
(iv) Give the application and use of Normal Distribution.
(v) Explain the difference between evaluation, assessment and measurement.
(vi) Why does the maximum value of coefficient of correlation lie between - 1 to + 1 ? Discuss.
(vii) Practical tests generally become farcical. As a practising teacher, how can you make them meaningful and purposeful ?
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Choose a teaching-unit of the subject of your choice of class IX. State its objectives in the three domains. Mention the types of suitable tools for their assessment and prepare three test items for each domain.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the role of evaluation in teaching learning process with suitable examples.
2. Explain the characteristics of good evaluation with suitable illustrations.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Differentiate Formative evaluation with Summative evaluation.
4. Illustrate classification of educational objectives as suggested by Bloom, with suitable examples.
5. Write notes on the following in about 120 words each :
(i) Criterion-Referenced test
(ii) Grading - need and importance
(iii) Projective technique - concept and use
(iv) Anecdotal record - its importance and utility
(v) Normal Distribution Curve - its interpretation and use.
(vi)Correlation - its importance and use
(vii)Continuous and Comprehensive evaluation concept and importance
(viii)Power test - concept and use
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
While teaching in your school, you must have come across some difficult concepts in your teaching subject. List any two difficult concepts and illustrate the remedial material prepared by you for students. Explain the various steps involved in the process of development of the remedial material.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words'
Define evaluation and explain its need and importance in education, with illustrations'
2. Explain criteria of a good evaluation tool with examples.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Explain the concept, assessment process and interpretation used in observation technique of evaluation.
4. Define rating scales and describe their types, uses and limitations.
5. Write notes on the following in about 120 words each :
(i) Norm-Referenced test - its importance and use
(ii) Relative Grading - concept and importance in evaluation
(iii) Peer Rating - concept and significance
(iv) Difficulty level - concept and use
(v) Inventories - concept and use
(vi) Diagnostic tests - purpose and use
(vii) Need and format of Cumulative Records
(viii) Measures of Dispersion - its importance
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Select any topic from your teaching subject and prepare a blueprint. On the basis of the blueprint prepare an achievement test incorporating all the essential criteria of a good achievement test.
EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
1. "Education is not only preparation for life, it is synonymous with life." Discuss bringing out the definition and aims of education.
2.Discuss the role of community in education and its relationship with school as an agency of education.
3. Compare the ideas propagated by Naturalism, Idealism and Pragmatism with respect to the curriculum development. Which philosophy do you think is the best ? Why ?
4. Discuss the role of education in the context of the aspirations of the Indian society, particularly the spirit of . nationalism. What do you as a teacher do in this regard ?
5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :
(a) Universalization of Elementary Education in the Indian context
(b) Education and National Development
(c) Education as a Fundamental Right
(d) School based evaluation
(e) Education and Culture in the Indian context
(f) Role of teacher in inculcating values
(g) Concept and philosophy of Distance Education
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words :
Vocational Education is the need of the society. But there are certain problems in fulfilling the aims of Vocationalization of Education. Discuss these problems with students and parents and suggest improvements to fulfil the aims of Vocationalization of Education.
1. Answer the following question in about 600- words.
"Education is the manifestation of divine perfection already existing in man" -- Vivekananda. Define education and discuss the aims of education in the light of the above statement.
2.Describe the media as an important agency of education. Discuss the relationship between Home, School, Community and Media.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
How is Educational Evaluation an ' important aspect of the Education System ? Discuss innovations in the examination system in
4. What is the meaning of Vocationalisation of Education ? Discuss its various merits and demerits in the context of Secondary Education.
5. Write short notes on the following in . about 150 words each
(i) Social stratification
(ii) Open learning system
(iii) Universalism
(iv) Non-formal education
(v) Pragmatism and Curriculum
(vi) Role of teacher in promoting national integration and education
(vii) Education - its role in developing democratic outlook
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
You as a school teacher might have realized that in a culturally diverse country like
.1 Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What are the basic aims of education in a democratic society ? What should be the role of teachers and students in the programme `Education for All' ? Discuss.
2. Define Naturalism. What is the contribution of Naturalism in Education ? Discuss various roles of the teacher according to Naturalism.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
How does vocationalisation lead to increase in productivity of the country ? Discuss.
4. Define wastage and stagnation. Discuss the various innovative strategies to reduce wastage and stagnation.
5. Write short notes on any four of the following in about 150 words each :
(i) Socialization and Acculturation
(ii) Recommendations of Yashpal Committee regarding examination reform
(iii) Education as a social sub-system
(iv) Explain Pluralism in the context of the Indian Education System
(v) Globalisation and its impact on education Impact of philosophy on the educational system
(vii) Impact of dialect and medium of instruction on academic performance of students
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Through your teaching experience you might have felt that the school can create conditions for positive social change in the community. Discuss with your colleagues and prepare a critical report highlighting recommendations to bring about social change in the community.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What do you mean by the term Education ? Discuss spiritual, developmental and social mould of Education with suitable illustrations.
2. Describe community as an important agency of education. Discuss its relationship with school.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Discuss the essential tenets of `Naturalism' as an educational philosophy and explain its importance in the light of curriculum and the role of teacher.
4. Describe various functions of the school in a democratic society.
5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :
(i) Indian Social Structure and its nature
(ii) Education - its role in national development
(iii) Globalisation - its features and effect on education
(iv) The Common School System - its salient features
(v) NPE-1986 - its salient features in relation to teacher education
(vi) Semesterisation - need, importance and implementation
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
As a teacher, you must have visited the nearby locality and listed the different kinds of media available in the locality for children. You must also have evaluated their utilisation for children's education in consultation with parents. Write a report on the availability of different kinds of media and their utility for children's education.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Describe the aims of education and discuss how these can be realized in a democratic set-up like
2. Describe school as a formal agency of education and discuss its ,relationship with home.
3 .Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Discuss essential tenets of 'Pragmatism' as a school of philosophy and explain its importance in the light of curriculum' and 'the role of teacher'.
4. How can students' and community participation be made effective for proper management of the school ? Explain your answer with suitable illustrations.
5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :
(i) Education - its role in preservation of culture
(ii) Education an instrument of social change
(iii) Vocational Education - its need and importance
(iv) Open Schooling - its need and importance
(v) Inequality in Education measures to minimise it
(vi) Grading in Examination - its ne,ed and significance
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words
As a teacher, you must have come across some students who have dropped out and a few of them were also repeaters. List the different causes of their drop-outs and stagnation which you have found after interaction with students. Suggest measures for reducing stagnation and drop-out.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Describe the structure of Indian society. and its nature.
2. Define Pragmatism. What is the contribution of pragmatism in education ? Discuss various roles of the teacher according to Pragmatism.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Media is playing an important role in education. What are its educational functions ? Discuss.
4. Discuss intervention strategies to reduce inequality in education.
5. Write short notes/answer of the following in about 150 words each :
. (i) How does the community influence the school ?
(ii) Why was Acharya Rama Murthi Committee set up ? Describe its recommendations.
(iii) School as a miniature society.
(iv)
(v) What are the advantages of semester system ?
(vi) What are the benefits of . grading over numerical marking system ?
(vii) Describe the important recommendations of NPE 1986 on Teacher Education.
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
While teaching you might have noticed that some students have problems at home. For this you might have met the students and their parents to know their relationship. On this basis prepare a report about child - parent relationship and also illustrate its impact on the education of the child.
1. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
Describe the problems of Indian society in the context of National Development.
2. Mention the shortcomings of the present examination system. Also suggest some innovative ways for improvement.
3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Discuss education as an instrument for social change.
4. Explain important functions of home as an agency of education, with suitable examples.
5. Write short notes or answer of the following in about 150 words each :
(i) Vocationalization of Secondary Education - its concept, need and importance.
(ii) Common school system - its concept and importance.
(iii) Describe minimum level of learning.
(iv) According to the Education Commission, what. are the three ways in which education can respond to challenges of modernization ?
(v) Discuss the role of NGOs in educational programme.
(vi) What are the determinants of aims of education ?
(vii) What are the criteria of social stratification ?
6. Answer the following question in about 600 words.
What can be, in your opinion, the important steps that may be taken by the Government to remove disparities in education ? To collect the opinion of the community and your colleagues on this aspect you must have done a survey. Prepare a report on this.
