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Ignou mba assignments 2017

 

 

IGNOU ASSIGNMENTS DEC 2018

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

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CourseCode                                                      :              MS-01

 

CourseTitle                                                      :                ManagementFunctionsandBehavior

 

AssignmentCode                                             :              MS-01/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                                                             :              AllBlocks

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.Enumeratingvariousroles/tasksofamanagerinanorganization,brieflydescribeand

discussanytworoles/taskswhichaccordingtoyourexperiencearemostimportantand

crucialfortheorganisation.Substantiateyouranswerwithsuitableexamplesdrawing

fromyourownexperienceortheonesyouareawareof.

 

Brieflydescribetheorganization/sandthesituation/syouarereferringto.

 

2.Defineanddescribetenetsandfeaturesof‘decisionmakingundercertainty’,‘decision

makingunder-risk’,and‘decisionmakingunderuncertainty’withsuitableorganizational

examplesdrawingfromyourownorganizationalexperienceortheonesyouareawareof.

 

Brieflydescribetheorganisationyouarereferringto.

 

3.Whatarethecharacteristics,dimensions,anddeterminantsofOrganisationalCultureand

Climate?Howdotheyaffectthelife,values,andethosinanyorganizationalsetup.

 

Explainwithexamplesfromyourownexperienceortheonesyouareawareof.Briefly

describethesituation,andtheorganizationyouarereferringto.

 

4.Whatfactorsadverselyaffectthecommunicationinanorgnisationalsetup?Howto

overcomesuchadverseeffectforenhancingeffectivenessandefficiencyofthe

organization.

 

Explainwithexamplesfromyourownexperienceortheonesyouareawareof.


 

 

 

 

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CourseCode                      :              MS-2

CourseTitle                       :              ManagementofHumanResources

AssignementCode           :              MS-2/TMA/SEMII/2018

Coverage                             :              AllBlocks

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,

2018tothecoordinatorofyourstudycenter.Alltheanswersshouldcompriseof

relevantexamples.

 

 

Q1.ExplainhowHumanresourcedevelopmentevolvedfromtraditionalpersonnel

functions.WhyHumanResourcesDepartmenthasanimportantparttoplayin

providingthebackbonefortalentmanagement.

 

Q2.HowCriticalIncidenttechniqueisdifferentfromfunctionaljobanalysis?How

SubculturesRelevanceforGenderandMinorityIssuesinfluencesorganisational

socialisation?

 

Q3.Discussproblemsamanagermayencounterwhiledoingperformanceappraisal.

ExplainhowAssessmentcentersanddevelopmentcentershelpinevaluating

individual’smanagerialpotential.

 

Q4.Explaininyourownwordshoweffectivecoachingandperformancemanagementcan

developconduciveorganisationalculture.

 

Q5.ExplainBenefitsunderSocialSecurityLegislationinIndiaofvariousindustrialActs.

WhyMediationispreferredoverLitigationintherecentdisputeresolution

mechanism.


 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

 

CourseCode                                                      :              MS-03

 

CourseTitle                                                      :                EconomicandSocialEnvironment

 

AssignmentCode                                             :              MS-03/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                                                             :              AllBlocks

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.Examinetheinteractionbetweeneconomicenvironmentandbusinessmanagement,

givingexamples.

 

2.Discussthegrowth,problemsandprospectsofSmallScaleIndustryinthepostreform

period.

3.ExplainIndia’seconomicgrowthexperienceanddiscusshoweconomicgrowthhas

broughtaboutastructuralchangeintheeconomy.

4.AnalyzetheimplicationsandshortcomingsofIndia’sforeigntradegrowth.

 

5.Whatarethebasicobjectivesoffiscalpolicy?Highlightthemajorproblemsoffiscal

policy.

 

6.Writeshortnotes

 

a)TheEnvironmentalMovement

 

b)IndustrialSickness

 

c)Globalization

 

d)EconomicReformsandEmployment

 

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

CourseCode                                                      :              MS-04

 

CourseTitle                                                      :                AccountingandFinanceforManagers

 

AssignmentCode                                             :              MS-04/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                                                             :              AllBlocks

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

1.        AsaFinanceManagerwhatarethekindofdecisionsthatyouhavetomakeaboutyour

companyanditsactivities?Howdothesedecisionsdifferformthosewhichinvestors,

regulatoryagenciesandothersmakeaboutyourcompany?Isthesamekindof

informationneededbyYouandtheoutsidersofthecompany?Ifsowhatisthat

information?Ifnot,whataretheessentialdifferences?

 

2.YouarerequiredtopreparetheStatementofSourcesandApplicationofFundsfromthe

givenFinancialStatementsofABCLimitedfortheyears2016&2017.Alsopreparethe

Statementshowingindetailstheitem-wiseincreaseordecreaseintheNetWorking

Capital.

 

31.12.2017                                    31.12.2016

Rs.                                                         Rs.

Assets

CashatBank                                                                                         45,000                                       1,30,000

SundryDebtors                                                                                1,40,000                                           90,700

Stock-in-Trade                                                                                  1,96,000                                       1,42,000

FixedAssetslessDepreciation                                                6,00,000                                       3,60,000

Investments                                                                                           10,000                                           11,250

PrepaidExpenses                                                                                21,000                                           14,000

 

Rs.                             10,12,000                                       7,48,450

 

Liabilities

 

SundryCreditors                                                                                2,98,000                                    2,51,450

ProvisionforTaxation                                                                      1,72,000                                        65,000

SecuredLoanfromBank                                                                      -                                                  87,000

ReservesandSurplus                                                                        3,12,000                                    1,48,000

ShareCapital:

OrdinarySharesofRs.100each                                                2,30,000                                    1,97,000

Rs.     10,12,000                                  7,48,450


Furtheritisinformedthat:

 

ThepositioninrespectofReservesandSurplusis:

Rs.

Balanceason1stJanuary,2017                                                                                                         1,48,000

Netprofitfortheyear                                                                                                                              1,98,500

 

3,46,500

Less:Dividend                                                                                                                                               34,500

3,12,000

 

(i)     On31stDecember2017theaccumulateddepreciationonfixedassetswasRs.

1,80,000andon31stDecember2016Rs1,60,000.MachinerycostingRs.20,000

whichwasone-halfdepreciatedwasdiscardedandwrittenoffin2017.Depreciation

fortheyear2017amountedtoRs.30,000

 

(ii)        InvestmentscostingRs.5,000weresoldduringtheyear2017forRs.4,800and

GovernmentSecuritiesofthefacevalueofRs.4,000werepurchasedduringthe

yearforRs.3,750

 

 

3.      ThedatarelatedtoCompanyX,CompanyYandCompanyZisasgivenbelow.

 

CompanyX           CompanyY         CompanyZ

 

Budgetedsalesinunits                                                    10,000                             10,000                10,000

Budgetedsellingpriceperunit                                  Rs.2.00                         Rs.2.00             Rs.2.00

Budgetedvariablecostsperunit                               Rs.1.50                         Rs.1.25            Rs.1.00

Budgetedfixedexpenses

Total                                                                                       Rs.3,000                       Rs.5,500        Rs.8,000

Budgetedcapacity                                                                   80%                                 80%                    80%

 

Fromtheinformationgivenaboveyouarerequiredtocalculateforeachcompany:

(a)          Thebudgetedprofit.

(b)          Thebudgetedbreak-evenpointinunitsales.

(c)          Thebudgetedmarginbetweenbreak-evenpointandbudgetedsalesexpressed

asapercentageoftotalcapacity.

(d)          Theimpactonprofitsofa±10%deviationinbudgetedsales.

 

Commentbrieflyontheeffectofthisinrelationtothedistributionbetweenthe

companies’fixedandvariableexpenses.

 

 

4.(a)Describethecharacteristicsofaflexiblebudget?

(b)“Forprivatesector”budgetsareimportantinprofitplanning,butbudgetarecostly

fornot-for-profitorganization”Respond.

 

5.DiscussyourRoleasaFinanceManagerofyourcompany.Whatwillbethealternatives

andfactorsthatyouwouldconsiderbeforefinalizingyourviewsondividendpolicy?


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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

 

CourseCode                                                      :              MS-05

 

CourseTitle                                                       :               ManagementofMachinesandMaterials

 

AssignmentCode                                             :              MS-05/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                                                             :              AllBlocks

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.Inthepresentageofmodernmanagementandimprovedtechnology,whatarethemajor

strategicandoperationaldecisionsofproductionandoperationsmanagement?

 

 

 

2.Howcantherelationshipsofdifferentdepartmentsbeconsideredinpreparingalayout?

PrepareaRELchartforthedifferentdepartmentsofatypicalhospital.

 

 

 

3.Whatisworkdesign?Whatareitsconstituents?Explainusingaschematicdiagram.

Whatisjobdesign?Whatarethebehavioralaspectsinjobdesign?

 

 

4.     Serviceorganizationsusuallyhavetobeprovidedwithahighercapacitythanthe

estimatedannualormonthlyrequirement.Why?Elaboratethestatement.

 

 

 

5.WriteShortnotesonthefollowing:

a.ExchangeCurveandaggregateinventoryplanning

b.I-O-W(Input


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ASSIGNMENT

 

CourseCode                      :              MS-06

 

CourseTitle                       :              MarketingforManagers

 

AssignmentCode             :              MS-06/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                             :              AllBlocks

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.       (a)Whatdoyouunderstandbythetermmarketing?Takingtwoexamplesofyourchoice

highlighttheimportanceof“Transaction”inthewholeprocessofmarketing.

(b)     CriticallyevaluatethesignificanceofmarketingfunctionintheIndianeconomypost

economicreformsof1990’s.Prepareanessayhighlightingthelevelofeconomicand

socialdevelopment,(youmayaccesssecondarydatafromvarioussources).

 

 

2.(a)         Whataretheconstituentsofmarketingmix?Discusseachoftheminstrategy

formulation.PickupanexampleoneeachfromanFMCGandconsumerdurableof

yourchoiceandexplaintheirroleinstrategyformulation.

(b)        Whyandwhenmarketers,evaluate,andmonitorconsumerbehavior?Elaborateby

takingasuitableexamplewhereconsumerbehaviorhaslargelyplayedakeyrolein

thesuccessoftheproduct/brand.

 

 

3.(a)          Discusssegmentingtargetingandpositioningstrategies.Whataretheadvantagesthat

afirmaccruefromeffectivesegmentation?Discussthebasesofsegmentationforthe

followingproducts.

i)Foodprocessors.

ii)Perfumeforwomen.

(b)         Distinguishaproductfromaserviceoffering.Whatarethedistinguishcharacteristics

ofservicesthatmakethemdifferentfromproduct/goods.Illustratewithanexample.

 

 

4.(a)           DiscusstheconceptofProductLifeCycle(PLC).Developsuitablemarketing

strategiesforthefollowingproductsthatmaybeusedattheintroductionandmaturity

stageofthePLC.

i)AudioMusicSystem

ii)Packagedfruitjuices.


(b)           Discussthemajorpricingmethodsthatareavailableforthemarketerstoeffectively

pricetheirproduct.

 

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

CourseCode                      :              MS-07

 

CourseTitle                       :              InformationSystemsforManagers

 

AssignmentCode             :              MS-07/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                             :              AllBlocks

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

1.HowdotechnologicaladvancesaffectthespreadanduseoftheInternet?Whatindustries

shouldpaycloseattentiontoeffortstoregulatetheInternet?

 

2.Describetheroleoffunctionalinformationsystems.Also,discussthemanagerialand

strategicapplicationsintheAccountingandFinanceareaorHumanResources

ManagementareasthataresupportedbyIT.

 

3.Isinformationtechnologyasvitaltomodernglobalbusinessasmoney?Whyorwhynot?

Describethecapabilitiesexpectedofinformationsystemsinmodernorganizations.

 

4.Definedataminingandlistsomeofitstypicalcharacteristics.Discusssomeethicalissues

relatedtodatamining.

 

5.Whatarethemajorbenefitsofneuralnetworks?Discusssomerecentpopular

applicationsofArtificialNeuralNetworks(ANNs).



 

Markets

Products

A

B

C

I

 

II

8,000

 

10,000

10,000

 

2,000

15,000

 

20,000

Marks

0-10

10-20

20-30

30-40

40-50

No.of

students

5

8

15

16

6

ASSIGNMENT

 

CourseCode                      :              MS-8

 

CourseTitle                       :              QuantitativeAnalysisforManagerialApplications

 

AssignmentCode             :              MS-8/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                             :              AllBlocks

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.AmanufacturerproducesthreeproductsA,BandCwhichhesellsinthemarket.Annual

saleestimates(inunits)areindicatedasfollows:


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


(i)IfunitsalepricesofA,BandCareRs2.25,Rs1.50andRs.1.75respectively,find

thetotalrevenueineachmarketwiththehelpofmatrices,

(ii)IftheunitcostsoftheabovethreeproductsareRs1.60,Rs.1.20andRe0.90

respectively,findthegrossprofitwiththehelpofmatrices.

 


 

 

 

 

 

2.   Calculatethemeandeviationfrommeanforthefollowingtable:

 
3.Theincidenceofacertaindiseaseissuchthatontheaverage20%ofworkerssufferfrom

 

it.If10workersareselectedatrandom,findtheprobabilitythat(i)exactlytwoworkers

sufferfromthedisease(ii)notmorethantwoworkerssufferfromthedisease.

 

4.Anormalcurvehasμ=20and=10.Findtheareabetweenx1=15andx2=40.

 

5.Explainthefollowingconcepts

 

a)Null&alternativehypothesis

 

b)One&twotailedtest

 

c)Type1&typeIIerror

 

d)Levelofsignificance.


 


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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

 

CourseCode                                                      :              MS-9

 

CourseTitle                                                      :                ManagerialEconomics

 

AssignmentCode                                             :              MS-9/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                                                             :              AllBlocks

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

 

1.WhatisthescopeofManagerialEconomics?            HowdoesthestudyofManagerial

Economicsinvolvestheanalysisofcertainmajorsubjects?Explaincitingexamples.

 

2.WhatistheLawofDemand?Explainincreaseanddecreaseofdemandwiththehelpofany

exampleofyourchoice.

 

3.WhatisShort-RunCostFunctions?ExplainhowTotalCost(TC),TotalFixedCost(TFC)

andTotalVariableCost(TVC)arecalculated?Discusswiththehelpofatableandgraph.

 

4.DifferentiatebetweenFirstDegreeandSecondDegreePriceDiscrimination.WhyisSecond

DegreePriceDiscriminationdescribedasmultipartpricing?

 

5.Examinethekinkdemandcurveforoligopolists?Explainthereasonsforpricerigidity.

 

6.Writeshortnotesonanytwoofthefollowing:-

 

(a)RegressionEquation

 

(b)ExponentialSmoothing

 

(c)FunctionalFormsofCostFunctions


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ASSIGNMENT

CourseCode                      :MS-10

CourseTitle                       :OrganisationalDesign,DevelopmentandChange

AssignmentCode             :MS-10/TMA/SEM-II/2018

Coverage                             :AllBlocks

 

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,

2018tothecoordinatorofyourstudycenter.Alltheanswersshouldcompriseof

relevantexamples.

 

 

 

 

Q1.Howorganisationcanbeseenbeseenasapoliticalsystem,explainwiththehelpof

threedifferentframestounderstandpoliticalsystem.Explaintowhatextent

technologycanhaveimpactonorganisationaldesign.

 

Q2.Whyrecentorganisationalstructureisinclinedmoretowardsorganicstructurewhere

thereisnoformalisationandunwrittennormswhichmyleadtochaosinan

organisation?Discussyouranswerstatingwhyorganicstructureisbetterthan

Mechanicorganisation.

 

Q3.WhythereisneedofHumanengineering?Explaintheimportanceofwork

improvementandworkmeasurementinorganisingandanalysingwork.

 

Q4.DiscussunderwhatconditionsQuestionnaireisnotavaliddiagnostictool.How

interviewovercomesthelimitationsofquestionnaire?

 

Q5.WhyT-Grouptrainingisbeneficialfororganisationaswellasindividual?Discussin

brief


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ASSIGNMENT

 

CourseCode                      :              MS-11

 

CourseTitle                       :              StrategicManagement

 

AssignmentCode             :              MS-11/TMA/SEM-II/2018

 

Coverage                             :              AllBlocks

 

Note:Attemptallthequestionsandsubmitthisassignmentonorbefore31stOctober,2018to

thecoordinatorofyourstudycentre.

 

1.Whatisa‘missionstatement’?Explainwhyisitnecessarytoformulateamission

statementinitiallyintheprocessofformulatingastrategy?

 

2.Writeabriefcasestudyshowingthestrategicdevelopmentanditscurrentstrategic

positionofthecompanyofyourchoice.Usethepublishedinformationaboutthe

company.

 

3.HowisCostLeadershiphelpfulindeterminingthesuccessofabusinessorganization?

Explainwiththehelpofanexample.

 

4.Choosetwocompaniesfromaspecificsectorwhicharefollowingdiversification

strategies.Compareandcontrastthediversificationstrategiesfollowedbythese

companies.

 

5.Identifyacompanywhichisonthevergeofclosing.Analyzethereasonsforthedecline

ofthecompany.

 

 

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MEG – 01: BRITISH POETRY

ASSIGNMENT 2018 - 2019

(Based on Blocks (1 - 10)

 

Max. Marks: 100

 

Answer all questions.

 

1. Explain any two of the excerpts of poems given below with reference to their context:

10 X 2 = 20

 

(i) Oh there is blessing in this gentle breeze,

A visitant that while it fans my cheek

Doth seem half conscious of the joy it brings

From the green fields, and from yon azure sky.

 

(ii) We sat grown quiet at the name of love;

We saw the last embers of daylight die,

And in the trembling blue-green of the sky

A moon, worn as if it had been a shell

Washed by time's waters as they rose and fell

About the stars and broke in days and years.

 

(iii) All humane things are subject to decay,

And, when Fate summons, Monarchs must obey:

 

(iv) And thereupon

That beautiful mild woman for whose sake

There's many a one shall find out all heartache

On finding that her voice is sweet and low

Replied, 'To be born woman is to kno,,rr-

Although they do not talk of it at school-

That we must labour to be beautiful.'

 

(v) Tyger! Tyger! burning bright,

In the forests of the night,

What immortal hand or eye,

Dare frame thy fearful symmetry

 

(vi) I wonder by my troth, what thou, and I

Did, till we lov'd? were we not wean'd till

then?

But suck'd on countrey pleasures, childishly?

Or snorted we i' the seaven sleepers den?

 

 

2. What are the main features of metaphysical potery? Give examples from the poets and

the poems in the course. 20

 

 

3. Does the Dejection: An Ode contain any elements of what comprises Romanticism?

Discuss with examples. 20

 

 

4. Write an essay on Dylan Thomas’s use of images in his poetry? 20

 

 

5. Would you consider Sylvia Plath’s Daddy to be an expression against the voice of

patriarchy? Comment critically. 20

  

MEG – 02: BRITISH DRAMA

ASSIGNMENT 2018 - 2019

(Based on Blocks (1 - 09)

 

Course Code: MEG-02

Assignment Code: MEG-02/TMA/2018-19

Max. Marks: 100

Answer any five questions

 

1. Would you call the character of Dr. Faustus ‘heroic’? Give reasons for

your answer. (20)

 

 

2. Discuss the play within the play in A Midsummer Night’s Dream. (20)

 

 

3. What is the importance of Hamlet’s soliloquies in the play? (20)

 

 

4. Can The Alchemist be considered an allegory? Give a reasoned answer. (20)

 

 

5. What are the comic strategies used in The Playboy of the Western World? (20)

 

 

6. Can Eliza in Pygmalion be termed as feminist? Elaborate. (20)

 

 

7. Discuss Murder in the Cathedral as a poetic drama. (20)

 

 

8. Comment on the title of Look Back in Anger. (20)

 

 

9. Discuss Waiting for Godot from the perspective of the theatre of the Absurd. (20)

 

MEG – 03: BRITISH NOVEL

ASSIGNMENT 2018 - 2019

(Based on Blocks (1 - 9)

 

Max. Marks: 100

 

Answer all questions.

 

1. Trace the evolution of the British Novel during the nineteenth century. 20

 

 

2. Would it be correct to say that Heathcliff is ‘dark’ and ‘evil’? Discuss in the light of your

understanding and analysis of Wuthering Heights. 20

 

 

3. Would you consider the novel Great Expectations to be the story of Pip’s education in

life? 20

 

 

4. Examine Dorothea’s ideas of marriage in Middlemarch? 20

 

 

5. Would you agree that the major characters of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie reflect

conflicting aspects of morality? 20

 

MEG – 04: ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

ASSIGNMENT 2018 - 2019

(Based on Blocks (1 - 9)

 

Course Code: MEG-04/TMA/2018-19

Max. Marks: 100

 

1 Write short notes on the following: 20

 

i Sociolinguistics and sociology of language

ii Language as an act of identity

iii The notion of a Speech Community

iv Types of Negation and its interaction with Scope

 

2 Why is language planning essential in any country? What are the factors which

influence language planning? 20

 

3 How is inflectional morphology different from derivational morphology? Discuss,

give examples. 20

 

4 What is the difference between the Generativists and Structuralist? In what way

have the Generative insights into language contributed to linguistic theory?

20

 

5 Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow: 20

 

My Father’s Hands

 

My father’s hands

  

are beautiful, they can

fix this moth’s wing and make

machines

they can mend the fuse when the

world

goes dark

can make light swim and walls jump

in around me again

I can see my mother’s face again.

 

You must take good care of them with

your finest creams

never let the nails break or

skin go dry, only those wise fingers

know how to fix the thing

that makes my doll cry and they make

small animals out of clay.

 

Never let blades or anything sharp

and hurtful near them

don’t let bees or nettles

sting them don’t let fire or burning oil

try them

 

My father’s hands are beautiful, take

good care of them.

 

By Jeni Cowzyn

  

i Pick out the verbs that describe what the father’s hand do. 2

ii What do you usually fix? What is fixed in line 3? What does this tell us about the

father? 3

 

iii What usually ‘goes dark’ (line 6)? What do you think the speaker means when she

says ‘the world goes dark’? How can the father ‘mend the fuse’? 3

 

iv ‘can make light swim and walls jump in around me again’ (lines 7-8). What do

you think this sentence means? What does it tell us about the father in the poem?

3

 

v What does the speaker mean when she says ‘I can see my mother’s face again’

(line 9)? What do you think has happened to the mother? 3

 

 

vi Many capital letters and full stops have not been used. What is the effect of

leaving them out the poem? 2

 

vii What kind of a person is the father in the poem? Write a short passage on him.

How does his daughter feel about him?

 

 

Monday, 12 February 2018 12:57

Ignou assignments 2018

Written by

 

MS-01
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS- 01: Management Functions and Behaviour
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-01
Course Title : Management Functions and Behaviour
Assignment Code : MS- 01/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30t h April, 2018 to
the coordinator of your study center.
1. Briefly describe the Management processes. Explain any one of them with respect to
its significance and importance in organisational performance and efficiency. Explain
with your organisational experience. Briefly describe the organisation, you are
referring to.
2. What are the techniques used in different steps of Decision-making? Based on your
organisational experience, discuss the importance and rules of Brainstorming in the
process. Briefly describe the organisation and the situation, you are referring to.
3. What are the major antecedent conditions for change? Based on your organisational
experience, discuss the necessity or otherwise of ‘why all organisations must change’
in the background of ‘how an organisation grows’. Explain the situation and
organisational settings you are referring to.
4. 4. Base on your organisational experience/exposure critically discuss the role and
impact of formal and informal groups on ‘Management’. Briefly describe the
organsational setting, you are referring to.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 2: Management of Human Resources
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-2

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 2
Course Title : Management of Human Resources
Assignement Code : MS-2 /TMA/SEM – I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note:
Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018
to the coordinator of your study center.
1. Explain the process of human resource planning. Describe how HR forecast is
carried out in the organisation you are working with or an organisation you are
familiar with.
2. Discuss the concept of ‘performance appraisal’. Explain any two methods of
performance appraisal that you are familiar with citing suitable organisational
examples.
3. Define mentoring and distinguish it from performance coaching. Assume you are
responsible for mentoring of employees in a large organisation. Discuss how you
will make mentoring a strategic function. Illustrate.
4. Discuss the laws covering wages. Analyse the recent amendments and trends in
laws covering wages in India.
5. Critically evaluate the state of workers’ participation in Management in the present
day business scenario. Explain with examples your answer giving due details of
the organizations and the sources you are referring to.

Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 03: Economic and Social Environment
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-03

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 03
Course Title : Economic and Social Environment
Assignment Code : MS-03/TMA/SEM - I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. Discuss the critical elements of macro-economic policies. How economic environment
gives a direction to the changes in the economic planning?
2. Differentiate between Economic Growth and Economic Development. Why is growth
and development synonymously used in economic discussion?
3. Discuss the genesis of mixed economy framework in India.
4. “An important factor which influences the Balance of Payment of an economy is the
exchange rate of its currency vis-à-vis other major currencies”. Explain the statement
given above.
5. How the twin objective of equity and justice was met by the economic reforms of 1991?
Explain.
6. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Trade Union Movement
(ii) Public Accountability
(iii) Administered prices
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 04: Accounting and Finance for Managers
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-04

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-04
Course Title : Accounting and Finance for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-04/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. How is ‘Financial Accounting’ different form ‘Management Accounting’? Discuss the role
and activities of an Accountant.
2. The Balance Sheets of XYZ Ltd as on 31st December, 2016 and 2017 are as given below:

Liabilities

2016

2017

Assets

2016

2017

Share Capital
General
Reserve
Profit and Loss
Account
Creditors
Bills Payable
Provision for
Taxation
Provision for
doubtful debts

2,00,000
28,000
32,000
16,000
2,400
32,000
800

2,00,000
36,000
26,000
10,800
1,600
36,000
1,200

Goodwill
Buildings
Plant
Investments
Stock
Bills
Receivable
Debtors
Cash and bank
balances

24,000
80,000
74,000
20,000
60,000
4,000
36,000
13,200

24,000
72,000
72,000
22,000
46,800
6,400
38,000
30,400

3,11,200

3,11,600

3,11,200

3,11,600

 

 


Additional Information:-
(i) Depreciation provided on plant was 8,000 and on building was Rs. 8,000.
(ii) Provision for taxation made during the year is Rs. 38,000.
(iii) Interim dividend paid during the year is Rs. 16,000.
From the above information, you are required to prepare Schedule of changes in Working
Capital and Funds Flow Statement.
3. What do you understand by CVP Analysis. Explain the effect of Price and Volume on the
Net Profit, with the help of a suitable illustration.
4. The Management of ABC Ltd. is considering a proposal to purchase an improved model
of a machine which gives increased output. Its existing machine which has been in
operation for 2 years has current market value of Rs. 1,00,000, its remaining estimated
useful life is 10 years, with no salvage value at the end.

The relevant particulars are as follows:
Existing Machine

New Machine

 

Purchase price

Rs. 2,40,000

Rs. 4,00,000

Estimated life

12 years

10 years

Salvage value

-

-

Annual Operating hours

2,000

2,000

Selling price per unit

Rs. 10

Rs. 10

Output per hour

15 units

20 units

Material cost per unit

Rs. 2

Rs. 2

Labour cost per unit

20

40

Consumable stores per year

2,000

5,000


Repairs and Maintenance per
year
9,000 6,000
Working Capital 25,000 40,000
The company follows the straight-line method of depreciation and is subject to 50% tax.
Should the existing machine be replaced? Assume that the company’s required rate of
return is 15% and that the loss on sale of Assets is tax deductible.
5. As a Finance Manager how would you determine the Optimal Cash balance that would be
required by your Organisation? What measures you would take to ensure the smooth and
efficient Management of Cashflows in the Orgnisation?
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 05: Management of Machines and Materials
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-05

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-05
Course Title :
Management of Machines and Materials
Assignment No. : MS-05/TMA /SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. It is generally felt that “rural areas are good for locating large plant, semi-urban areas for
locating medium-sized plants, and urban areas for small-scale plants”. Comment.
2. (a) Define job design. How has management viewed job design since the industrial
revolution?
(b) List the important factors that must be addressed in job design and briefly discuss the
importance of each one.
3. Under what circumstances would you use PERT as opposed to CPM in project
management? Give some example of projects where each would be more applicable than
the other.
4. What do you understand by acceptance sampling? In what situations it is used? Briefly
discuss the sampling plans.
5. “Inventory management for slow moving expensive items should focus more on lead
time reduction than anything else”. Critically examine the statement.
6. Write short notes on any three of the following:
(a) Intermittent flow processes
(b) Uses of work sampling
(c) Helgeson and Birnie Method of line balancing
(d) Benefits of value engineering
(e) Objectives of codification.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 06: Marketing for Managers
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS- 06

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 06
Course Title : Marketing for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-06 /TMA/SEM - I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study centre.
1. (a) Define the term „Marketing‟ with suitable examples. Discuss the scope and significance of
marketing function in a developing and fast emerging economy like India.
(b) What are the various components/ elements of marketing mix in case of products and
services marketing. Discuss with suitable examples of your choice.
2. (a) Explain the concept of Product Life Cycle by taking an example one each from a consumer
durable and any service offering of your choice.
(b) Distinguish the concept of market vs the concept of a segment and their relationship in
marketing, with suitable illustration.
3. (a) Discuss the various steps involved in the marketing research process that help in decision
making process. Briefly discuss a few application areas of marketing research in the current
business environment.
(b) Distinguish a Product from a Brand with suitable examples. Explain packaging as a market
development tool.
4. (a) Why pricing and promotional elements of marketing mix primarily decide the success of
any brand? Explain. Discuss the strategic and tactical decisions that a manager should consider
in pricing and promoting the firms offering. Take one product and one service offering and
discuss their success story.
(b) “Consumer” is the king does this statement still holds good in the era of online/digital
marketing? If yes or no substantiate and justify accordingly.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 07: Information Systems for Managers
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-55: LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
MS-07

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-07
Course Title : Information Systems for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-07/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018
to the coordinator of your study center.
1. Why is the Central Processing Unit (CPU) is called the “Brain” of the Computer?
What are the components of a CPU? What factors affects the speed of a computer?
2. Define data and information. What is the difference between the two? What are the
main characteristics of information?
3. What are the types of inventory management systems? Define them and partition
them into further classes. Also, briefly explain each subdivision.
4. How can you use the Web as a data source for your data warehouse? What types of
information can you get from the Web? Explain briefly the steps needed to ensure
that only good quality, reliable data is loaded into the data warehouse from the
Web.
5. What are expert systems? Mention the working principles of expert systems. Also
discuss how knowledge can be represented in expert systems.
6. Write short notes on any three of following:
(a) Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)
(b) Polymorphic viruses
(c) Business software solutions firm Microsoft
(d) Features of JAVA.
(e) Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 08: Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-08

ASSIGNMENTS
Course Code : MS 08
Course Title : Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications
Assignment No. : MS-08/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. A sample survey of 100 families belonging to the middle income group revealed the following
distribution according to their annual savings. Find a) average annual sayings, using the
efficient method, b) 5th decile, and c) 90th percentile.
Savings (Rs ‘000) 05-09 09-13 13-17 17-21 21-25 25-30 30-35
Number of Families 07 10 15 23 25 14 06
2. It is known that the number of heavy trucks arriving at a railway station follows the
Poisson distribution. If the average number of truck arrivals during a specified period of half
an hour is 2, find the probabilities that during a given half an hour a) no heavy truck will arrive,
b) at least two heavy trucks will arrive, c) at the most 3 heavy trucks will arrive, and d)
between 1 and 3 heavy trucks will arrive.
3. A sample survey of tax-payers belonging to business class and professional class yielded the
following results:
Business class Professional class
Sample size n1 = 400 n2 = 420
Defaulters in tax payment x1 = 80 x2 = 65
Test the hypothesis at α = 0.01 level of significance that
a) defaulter rate is the same for the two classes of tax-payers, and
b) defaulter rate is higher in the business class than in the professional class by 0.03.
4. A set of paired data on X and Y has mean of X as 36, mean of Y as 85, standard deviation
of X as 11, standard deviation of Y as 8, and coefficient of correlation between X and Y as
0.66. Obtain a) the two regression equations, and b) value of X when Y= 75.
5. Write short notes on any three of the following:
(a) Absolute value function
(b) Baye’s Theorem
(c) Multistage Sampling
(d) Delphi method of forecasting
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 09: Managerial Economics
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-09

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-09
Course Title : Managerial Economics
Assignment Code : MS-09/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. Explain the Opportunity Cost Principle? Substantiate with the help of an example how
production possibility reflects opportunity costs?
2. How are Demand, Price Elasticity and Revenue determined? Explain Price Elasticity with
the help of any particular example of your choice.
3. Discuss Economies and Diseconomies of Scale. How is Economies of Scope different
from Economies of Scale? Explain.
4. Explain “Barriers to Entry” of a firm. Differentiate between legal barriers and natural
barriers with the help of any example of your choice.
5. Trace the chronology of deregulation of Indian Telecom from 1992 to 2003. Explain the
special role played by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI).
6. Write short notes on any two of the following:-
(a) Decision under risk
(b) Biometric forecasting
(c) Kinked demand curve
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 10: Organisational Design, Development and Change
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-10

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 10
Course Title : Organisational Design, Development and Change
Assignment Code : MS-10/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note:
Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018
to the coordinator of your study center.
1. Describe the factors that affect organisational design and explain different
approaches in assessing organisational effectiveness with the help of examples.
2. Describe and discuss the trends in the present day work organisations and the role
of management in ‘quality of work life’.
3. What are the different sources of resistance to change? Describe the process of
overcoming resistance to change. Discuss with examples.
4. Enlist the types of organisation structure. Discuss few organisational structures and
identify their type.
5. Explain the concept of workplace and architectural ergonomics with the help of
examples.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS-11: Strategic Management
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-11

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-11
Course Title : Strategic Management
Assignment No. : MS-11/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note: There are five questions in this assignment. Attempt all the questions and send them on or
before 30th April, 2018 to the Coordinator of the Study Centre you are attached with.
1. Discuss in what sense the top management takes decisions for a company and in what
sense it does not takes the strategic decisions for a company alone? Illustrate with
suitable examples.
2. Explain any two of the growth strategies you have studied and highlight the conditions
under which each is the most appropriate. Illustrate your answer with the help of
examples.
3. Identify two companies that have recently merged. Read the published information on
both the companies. Based on the study, identify the issues and challenges the two
companies are currently facing in combining their respective organizational cultures.
4. Select an organization of your choice which has adopted focus strategy. Analyze as to
how the focus strategy has been useful for the organization to build its competitive
advantage.
5. Describe different styles of leadership for Top Management with the help of real world
examples.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 21: Social Processes and Behavioral Issues
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-21

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 21
Course Title : Social Processes and Behavioral Issues
Assignment Code : MS-21/TMA/SEM - 01 /2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note:
a. There are two sets of assignments. Set A is for the students who have registered for MS-21
prior to January 2018. Set B is for students who have registered for MS-21 in January, 2018
b. Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
SET A
1. Describe the emerging scenario of organizations. Explain the steps to be taken by management into
bring in the mindset of employees conducive to changing reality of business in an organization you
are aware of. Briefly describe the organization you are referring to.
2. Explain the relevance of behaviour modification in organizations and briefly discuss the role of
ethics in behaviour modification.
3. Briefly discuss how organizational culture can be developed and describe the attributes of work
culture and their relevance.
4. Describe the process of perception. How behaviour is influenced by perception? Explain with the
help of examples
5. Roles and norms are control mechanisms of groups. Discuss with the help of examples.
SET B
1. Discuss the modern theories of leadership citing relevant examples.
2. Differentiate between counseling, guidance and psychotherapy. Explain various approaches to
counseling with the help of examples,
3. Explain any two theories of motivation citing relevant examples,
4. What is organisational citizenship behaviour? Discuss different approaches to OCB.
5. Explain the statement, “Words are symbols and meaning exist in mind”. Supplement with relevant
examples.
MS-22
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS- 22: Human Resource Development
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-22
Course Title : Human Resource Development
Assignment Code : MS- 22/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to
the coordinator of your study center.
1. What is the Concept of Career? In our society people face many career transition in
changing their profession, organisation, and geographic location, to name a few. What is
the role of HRD in dealing with this issue at organisational level? Explain with the
organisational examples you are aware of. Briefly describe the situation and the
organisation, you are referring to.
2. What are the major methods and movements to increase organisational performance?
Explain any one of them based on your organisational experience. Briefly describe the
organisation, you are referring to.
3. What are the basic tenets of Rewarding System? Briefly explain with organisational
examples you have come across. Explain the situation and the organisation, you are
referring to.
4. “Managing Diversity is currently enjoying a great deal of support from the world of
business. Proponents of diversity in organisations have emphasized its benefits, and
managing diversity is portrayed as a product of enlightened corporate self interest.”
Elaborate the above statement and discuss the underlying concepts based on
organisational experience, you have or you are aware of. Briefly describe the
organisation, you are referring to.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 23: Human Resource Planning
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-23

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 23
Course Title : Human Resource Planning
Assignment Code : MS-23 /TMA/SEM - I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study centre.
1. Explain the concept of human resource forecasting. Describe various techniques used in
forecasting human resource planning.
2. Discuss the objectives of job evaluation. Explain the various job evaluation methods.
Briefly describe the recent developments in job evaluation system.
3. Discuss the aims and objectives of career planning. Describe the benefits of career
planning. What are the factors which go into the shaping of a career?
4. Explain the significance of information system in Human Resource Management.
Describe the various approaches to managing information at the macro and micro level.
5. Explain the concept, need and scope of HR audit. Describe the essential steps being
involved in the Auditing process.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 24: Employment Relations
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-24

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 24
Course Title : Employment Relations
Assignment Code : MS-24 /TMA/SEM - I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018
to the coordinator of your study centre.
1. Explain the procedure for registration of a Trade Union under the Trade Unions
Act. Discuss the objects general and political funds are spent under the Trade
Union Act.
2. Describe the present position of Trade Unions in India. What are your suggestions
for strengthening the Trade Unions in India.
3. Explain the meaning and concept of Collective Bargaining. Describe the process
of collective bargaining. Discuss the conditions for success of collective
bargaining.
4. Discuss the aims and objectives of workers participation in Management.
Describe the workers participation, employee involvement practices of any
organisation you are familiar with.
5. Explain various cultural aspects of employment relations. Discuss the recent
developments in employment relations. Discuss the impact of specialization,
centralization and globalisation on new employment relations.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 41: Working Capital Management
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-41

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-41
Course Title : Working Capital Management
Assignment No. : MS-41/TMA /SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. The annual figures of Alpha Ltd are as follows:
(i) Sales at home, at 1 month credit Rs. 12,00,000.
(ii) Export at 3 months credit, S.P. 10% below the home price Rs. 5,40,000.
(iii) Materials used, suppliers extend 2 months credit Rs. 4,50,000.
(iv) Wages paid, half month in arreas Rs. 3,60,000.
(v) Manufacturing expenses, paid one month in arreas Rs. 5,40,000.
(vi) Depreciation on fixed assets Rs. 60,000.
(vii) Administrative expenses, paid one month in arrear Rs. 1,20,000.
(viii) Sales promotion expenses, payable quarterly in advance Rs. 60,000.
Alpha Ltd. sells goods in the domestic market on a gross profit of 25%. It keeps one
month stock of raw materials as well as finished product and believes in keeping Rs.
1,00,000 available to it. You are required to calculate the working capital requirement of
the company, assuming 15% safety margin.
2. Give a complete overview of the different marketable securities that are available for
investments.
3. Select any financial Institution/ Organisation of your choice and obtain information about
the important components of its credit policy and the attributes that they take into
consideration while deciding the credit wortheness about its customers.
4. Describe the creation of Euro Money and Eurocurrency Markets? Discuss the factors
contributing to the growth of the Euromarkets.
5. ‘The Working Captal Module is divided into three additional parts beyond the investment
information presented in the Capital Investment (CI) module’. Discuss of objectives and
operation sequential operation of the working capital module. Discuss the objectives and
operation of each these three parts.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 42 Capital Investment and Financing Decisions
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-42

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-42
Course Title : Capital Investment and Financing Decisions
Assignment No. : MS-42/TMA /SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study center.
1. What is meant by a firm's capital structure? Explain the Modigilian - Miller (MM) theory
and Traditional approach to capital structure of a firm.
2. Explain the concept of project life cycle? How are the work breakdown structure and
linear responsibility chart prepared?
3. What is Project Risk? Briefly explain the techniques used for the measurement of project
risk
4. Explain the various instruments through which corporates procure finance both for long
term and short term. Discuss the circumstances under which they are preferred. Give
reasons for the same.
5. What is Corporate Restructuring? What factors motivate an enterprise to undertake
restructuring exercise?
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS – 43: Management Control Systems
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-43

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-43
Course Title : Management Control Systems
Assignment No. : MS-43/TMA/SEM-I/2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
Coordinator of your study center.
1. Explain the concept of Strategy? Describe the different Models that help in formulating
business unit strategies.
2. Explain the ARM’s length principle and discuss its application.
3. Discuss in detail the three organisational Incentives systems viz the Scanlon plan, the
Kaiser-United Steel Workers plan and profit sharing and explain their applicability.
4. Select any Bank/ Insurance company of your choice and discuss the management control
system, that is prevalent, in that Institution.
5. Study the ‘Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore’ case and answer the
questions given at the end of the case.
Management Programme
ASSIGNMENT
FIRST SEMESTER
2018
MS - 51: Operations Research
School of Management Studies
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI – 110 068
MS-51

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 51
Course Title : Operations Research
Assignment Code : MS-51/TMA/SEM - I /2018
Coverage : All Blocks
Note
: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2018 to the
coordinator of your study centre.
1. Solve graphically:
Minimize Z=6x1 + 14x2
Subject to
5x1 + 4x2 ≥ 60
3x1 + 7x2 ≤84
x1 + 2x2 ≥ 18
x1, x2 ≥ 0
2. Five employees of a company are to be assigned to five jobs, which can be done by any
of them. The workers get different wages per hour. These are: Rs 5 per hour for A, B, and
C each, and Rs 3 per hour for D and E each. The amount of time taken by each employee
to do a given job is given in the following table. Determine the assignment pattern that
(a) minimizes the total time taken, and (b) minimizes the total cost, of getting five units
of work done.

Employee

 

Job

A

B

C

D

E

1

7

9

3

3

2

2

6

1

6

6

5

3

3

4

9

10

7

4

1

5

2

2

4

5

6

6

9

4

2

M.COM

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 01
Course Title : International Business Environment
Assignment Code : IBO – 01/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. Do you think that study of international business environment is relevant for the managers. Give your arguments and explain the economic and financial environment of international business.  

2. (a) Describe the working of Bretton Woods System.

(b) Discuss the financial assistance provided by International Monetory Fund. (10+10)

3. Distinguish between :

(a) GATT and WTO

(b) Unlawful agreement and illegal agreement

(c) Current Account and Capital Account of balance of payments

(d) Utilitarianism and Formalism (4×5)

4. Comment on the following:

(a) Quantitative restrictions do not have the effect of imposing absolute limits on the goods traded.

(b) New technologies do not lead to economies in the use of raw materials.

(c) Quasi contracts do not represent certain relations resembling those created by contracts.

(d) Grey marketing arises when goods are imported and sold through distribution channels authorised by the manufacturer.

5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Modern theory of trade

 (b) Multilateral Investment Agreement

(c) Role of International Chamber of Commerce in Arbitration and Conciliation

(d) Code of ethics for International Marketing

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 02
Course Title : International Marketing Management
Assignment Code : IBO – 02/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. An Indian company desires to enter into international markets to export garments and fruit juices and spices. What orientation among the EPRG framework should the company follow to achieve best results? Discuss.

2. How is international market segmentation different from international market targeting? Explain the different bases on which an international market can be segmented.

3. Describe the key issues in international marketing communication.

4. How are the services differentiated from products? Describe the challenges in marketing of services.

5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Local brands vs Global brands

(b) Pricing methods and practices in international marketing

(c) Questionnaire

(d) Qualities of a good report

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 03
Course Title :
India’s Foreign Trade
Assignment Code : IBO – 03/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. Discuss major problems faced by the export sector in India.

2. “Liberalized Foreign Direct Investment Policy of the Indian Government was given a qualitative push to the export promotion measures.” Elaborate and discuss the inflow of FDI in India

3. Discuss various measures taken by the Government of India to enhance exports of the agricultural products.

4. What is meant by “Information Technology”? How has it helped in promotion of export of services of India?

 5. Comment briefly on the following statements:

(a) USA is India’s largest trading partner.

(b) Economic and trade relations between the EU and India have been governed by different agreements signed from time to time.

(c) Manufacturing has been the main strength of the Japanese economy.

(d) The West Asian countries are very important for India’s foreign trade.

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 04
Course Title : Export Import Procedures and Documentation
Assignment Code : IBO – 04/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. You are a manager in an export firm. Enumerate the documents required under CIF contract and discuss their features. 

2. What are the objectives of exchange control? Describe the regulation and management of foreign exchange under exchange control regulations and facilities concerning exports.

3. Distinguish between:

(a) Factoring and Forfaiting

(b) Actual Total Loss and Constructive Total Loss 

4. Comment on the following statements:

(a) Electronic Data Interchange do not provide strategic benefits to the organization.

(b) Documents against Acceptance do not have usance period.

 (c) Under Bareboat charter ship-owner do not let out bare ship for a period of time.

 (d) Under the financial assistance for Agricultural, Horticultural and meat exports, Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority do not provide financial assistance. 

5. Write notes on the following:

(a) Import documents

(b) Duty drawback Scheme

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO-05
Course Title : International Marketing Logistics
Assignment Code : IBO-05/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.
1. (a) What do you understand by the institutional arrangements for resolving shipper’s
problem? Explain.
(b) Privatisation of ports is considered necessary for the fast development of port
infrastructure.

2. What are the three important concepts relevant to the logistics management by an
organization? Explain them briefly and state which one you regard as the best approach
and why?

3. Distinguish between the following:
(a) Re-order Level & Re-order Quantity
(b) Ship owner’s lien & Maritime lien
(c) Time Charter & Bareboat Charter
(d) Carriage of goods by Air & Carriage of Goods by Rail

4. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Information Technology
(b) Warehousing
(c) Liner Vessel
(d) Joint Ventures

5. Briefly comment on the following:
(a) Cross subsidization is the characteristics feature of the liner freight.
(b) Bill of Lading is a document of title to goods.
(c) Application for registration is made by the ship owner.
(d) Controlling inventories are vital in the logistics activity mix.

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 06
Course Title : International Business Finance
Assignment Code : IBO – 06/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. (a) Differentiate between gold standard and gold exchange standard.

(b) What was Bretton Woods System? What were its distinctive features?

2. (a) An adverse balance of payments is always a sign of weakness in the economy.” Comment. (b) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of ‘fixed’ and ‘floating’ exchange rate systems.

3. (a) Explain the different kinds of risks in foreign exchange faced by multinational corporations.

(b) What is money market hedge? Explain the mechanism of money market hedge with an example. 

4. Explain the different ways of managing political risks.

5. (a) Cost of capital and capital structure decisions are interrelated. Comment.

(b) What do you understand by counter trade? When counter trade can be beneficial for a country?

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO – 01
Course Title : Organization Theory and Behaviour
Assignment Code : MCO - 01 /TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions

1. What are various responsibilities of various level of management in an organisation? Explain various functions and role of managers.  

2. Discuss the Modern Theory of Organisation. How are they relevant in the modern organisation?  

3. What is an individual behavior? Explain the operant conditioning theory of learning. How is it different from the classical conditioning theory of leaning?  

4. Differentiate between the following:

(a) Maslow’s and Herzberg’s Theory

(b) Psychoanalystic Theory and Self Theory

(c) Autocratic or Free-rein style of leadership

(d) Intra Personal Conflict and Inter Personal Conflict

5. Briefly comment on the following statements:

(a) Cross Cultural Management

(b) Objectives of Organisational Development

(c) Overcoming Resistance to change

(d) Culture Person Compatibility

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO – 03
Course Title : Research Methodology and Statistical analysis
Assignment Code : MCO - 03 /TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt al questions.
1. (a) Explain various methods of collecting praimary data along with the merits and limitations of each of them.
(b) Describe sampling and non sampling errors that may crop up in conducting a research.
With the help of hypothetical figures, elaborate how would you determine the sample size
for your research study.

2. (a) “The shape of graph offers easy and appropriate answers to several questions.” Comment upon the statement.
(b) Explain the use and importance of measure of skewness in a research study. How would you measure the coefficient of skewness?

3. (a) Explain Spearman’s Rank correlation method with the help of hypothetical figures.
(b) Discuss the uses of index numbers in analysing the data related to business and
economic activity.

4. (a) The employees of AB Co. Ltd. have to elect one out of 5 persons to place them in a
committee. Find the probability of selecting a representative that would be either male or
over the age of 35. Details of the members are as follows:


(b) A random sample of 500 flower stems has an average length of 11cm. Can this be
regarded as a sample from a large population with mean as 10.8cm and standard
deviation as 2.38cm?
(c) The duty hours per week of 10 workers, selected randomly were found to be: 6.6, 7.2,
6.8, 9.2, 6.9, 6.2, 6.7, 7.2, 9.7, 10.4 Compute 95% and 99% Confidence intervals for the
average hours of work per week per worker.

5. Write an explantory note on conclusion and genralisation.

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO – 04
Course Title : Business Environment
Assignment Code : MCO - 04 /TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions

1. Distinguish between micro and macro environments of business. How does technological environment affect the external business? Explain giving suitable examples.

2. Highlight the need of Sick Industrial Company (Special Provision) Act, 1985. Explain its objectives and applicability.

 

3. Explain the concept of financial market. Discuss two types of financial markets and distinguish between them.

 

4. What is meant by economic planning? Discuss its long term goals in the Indian context.

 

5. Comment briefly on the following:

(a) The government introduced several measures to improve the balance of payments.

(b) Globalisation as a policy can not have similar implications for all countries.

 (c) FDI helps in accelerating the rate of economic growth of the host country.

(d) Technological change is a dynamic component of business environment.

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO – 05
Course Title : Accounting of Managerial Decisions
Assignment Code : MCO– 05/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. “Balance Sheet is a statement of assets and liabilities or sources and uses of capital or both.” Explain this statement.

 

2. How does Cash Flow Statement differ from Fund Flow Statement? Explain the techniques of preparing a cash flow statement.

3. What do you mean by budgeting? Mention different types of budgets that a big industrial concern would normally prepare.

4. The detail about the composition and the weekly wage rate of labour force engaged on a job scheduled to be completed in 30 weeks are as follow:

Category of workers No. of Labourers Standard weekly wage rate Actual no. of Labourers Actual weekly wage rate Skilled 75 60 70 70 Semi-skilled 45 40 30 50 Unskilled 60 30 80 20 The works get completed in 32 weeks. Calculate the labour variances.

5. Comment upon the following statements:

(a) Fixed cost per unit does not remain constant.

(b) P/V ratio can not be improved by reducing the selling price.

(c) Fixed costs are taken into account for differential cost analysis.

(d) Accounting is not concerned only with the recording of transactions

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO - 06
Course Title : Marketing Management
Assignment Code : MCO-06/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. What steps are involved in conducting a marketing research? Discuss them with the help of a hypothetical marketing research project.

2. Explain the relationship between market segmentation, targeting and positioning? Discuss various market targeting strategies adopted by companies.

 3. “A series of step by step process is involved in developing a product.” Describe.

4. Why geographical distribution of consumers is important in pricing decision? Explain various methods of geographical pricing.

5. Comment upon the following statements:

a) “No matter how well channels are designed and managed, there will be some conflict.” b) “There is a difference between advertising and publicity.”

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MCO - 07
Course Title : Financial Management
Assignment Code : MCO – 07/TMA/2016-17
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. (a) “Financial Management is more than procurement of funds.” Explain.

(b) How is wealth maximization a better criterion than profit maximization?

 2. (a) What is capital budgeting decision? Why is it significant for a firm?

(b) Explain the features of an appropriate capital structure.

3. (a) Define cost of capital. Explain its relevance in financial decision making of a firm. (b) Explain different approaches to the computation of cost of equity capital.

4. From the following information of Company ‘A’ & Company ‘B’, compute (1) Operating leverage (2) financial leverage and (3) combined leverage.  

 

5. (a) Discuss the factors affecting the dividend policy of a company.

    (b) Explain the methods of monitoring receivables. 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 01
Course Title : International Business Environment
Assignment Code : IBO – 01/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.
1. Critically examine the partial Equilibrium Theory of Trade. How can this theory be applied for instruments of trade policy?
2. (a) Why do Firms become transnational? Discuss with examples.

(b) Explain the issues and controversies related to Transnational Corporations.
3. Distinguish between GATT and WTO. Discuss the Multilateral Trade Agreements related to Agriculture, Textiles and Clothing and Trade Related Investment Measures.
4. Comment on the following:

(a) There is no difference between contract and quasi contract.

(b) In contract of sale, unless there is a contrary intention, there is no implied warranty.

 (c) In the settlement of international disputes, Arbitration is not preferred by business men.

(d) There is no difference between counterfeiting and grey marketing.
5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Modern Theories of Trade

(b) The Montreal protocol

(c) International Commodity Agreements

(d) Application of Lex Causae to sale of Goods.

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 02
Course Title : International Marketing Management
Assignment Code : IBO – 02/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. Distinguish between the following:

1. Adaption and Standardization in international advertising

2. Product and Services

2. Write short notes on the following:

1. International Product Life Cycle

2. Guidelines for a good international marketing research report

3. You are the Marketing Manager in a domestic pharmaceutical company. Write a note to the CEO of your company explaining the need for the company to enter international markets.

4. You are the Marketing Manager in a computer hardware company, which manufactures laptops. The company decided to enter international markets. It is proposed to produce the laptops in the foreign country and sell them there. But the company is not interested in establishing own manufacturing facilities in the foreign country. Suggest the company any two types of foreign market entry modes suitable in this regard and explain their relative advantages and disadvantages.

5. Distinguish between direct and indirect channels of distribution in international marketing. Would you suggest direct channels or indirect channels for international marketing of cosmetics? Give your reasons for your suggestion.

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 03
Course Title :
India’s Foreign Trade
Assignment Code : IBO – 03/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. What are the main issues in world trade? Discuss these issues briefly along with their solutions.

2. What were the objectives of the industrial policy, 1991? Describe the salient features of this policy.

3. Explain the main factors that contributed to making the garments export the starperformer in the Indian textile exports sector.

4. Comment on the following statements;

(a) High taxes and other disincentives have often choked the expansion of the electronics industry.

(b) Over the past few years the rapidly expanding role of services in the total exports has transformed the growth of Indian economy.

(c) The Indo-US trade and economic cooperation received a significant boost in recent years.

d) India has always enjoyed a favourable trade balance with SAARC countries.

5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Role of international organizations in world trade

(b) Major markets for Indian handicrafts

(c) Indo-ASEAN trade prospects

(d) SWOT Analysis                             

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 04
Course Title : Export Import Procedures and Documentation
Assignment Code : IBO – 04/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. You are an exporter of engineering products. State the commercial documents required for the export of engineering products and discuss their features.

2. Distinguish between:

) Free on Board (FoB) and Cost Insurance Freight (CIF)

ii) Bill of Exchange and Bill of Entry

iii) Payment credit and Deferred payment credit

iv) Supplier’s credit and Buyer’s credit

3. What are the objectives of exchange control? Explain the regulation and management of foreign exchange under Exchange Control Regulations.

4. Comment on the following statements:

i) There are universally acceptable norms as to the form of export contracts.

 ii) There are no difference between revocable and irrevocable letter of credit and confirmed letter of credit.

iii) Post shipment credit in foreign currency is not provided to Indian exporter.

iv) Under the Bareboat charter, the ship-owners do not let out the bare ship for a period of time.

5. Write short notes on the following:

 i) India Trade Promotion Organization (ITPO)

ii) Strengthening Export Marketing Effort

iii) Open Cover

 iv) Export under deferred payments

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT (TMA)
Course Code : IBO-05
Course Title : International Marketing Logistics
Assignment Code : IBO-05/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.
1. Indicate the difference between classification survey, registration survey and underwriter’s survey; and enumerate the important checks performed by the classification society on a ship.
2. What are the three important concepts relevant to the logistics management by an organization? Explain them briefly and state which one you regard as the best approach and why?
3. Distinguish between the following:

(a) Warranty and Guarantee

(b) Export order and Import order
4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Charter party

(b) Liner Vessel

(c) Joint Ventures

(d) Warehousing
5. Briefly comment on the following statements.

(a) The freight rate had no relationship with the route to be covered.

(b) Tank containers are used for dry bulk cargo.

(c) Bill of lading is a negotiable instrument in the commercial sense.

(d) Overseas cargo in handled at major ports only.

 

TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : IBO – 06
Course Title : International Business Finance
Assignment Code : IBO – 06/TMA/2017-18
Coverage : All Blocks
Maximum Marks: 100
Attempt all the questions.

1. (a) Distinguish between ‘Balance of Trade’ and Balance of Payments. Give illustration to support your answer.

(b) Describe the relationship among Current Account, Capital Account and Official Reserve Account with an example.

2. Describe in detail various DCF and non DCF techniques of project appraisal.

3. Discuss in detail various techniques of transaction exposure management.

4. Discuss the rationale of foreign direct investment in an economy. How is it different from portfolio investment?

5. Distinguish between the following:

a) Centralized and decentralized cash management

b) Foreign bonds and Euro bonds 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 2
Course Title : Management of Human Resources
Assignement Code : MS-2 /TMA/SEM – I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. What are the primary objectives, focus, and purpose of Selection Tests and Interview in the whole process of Hiring in organisational set up? Critically examine their usefulness and importance in the short term and long term functioning and culture of the organisation. Draw from the experiences you are familiar with. Describe the organisation and the situation you are referring to.

2. What are the major „problems/errors‟ which came in the way of „Effective Performance Appraisal Systems‟ of any organization? Describe and explain with the help of your organizational experiences or the ones you are familiar with. Briefly explain the organization, situation and its fall out too support your reply.

3. Critically evaluate the state of workers‟ participation in Management in the present day business scenario. Explain with examples your answer giving due details of the organizations and the sources you are referring to.

4. What are the “Principles of Learning” which are followed in developing „Effective Training Programmes‟? Critically evaluate the „Training Environment‟ you are exposed to vis-à-vis the „Principles of learning‟ followed/not followed or the ones you are aware of. Briefly describe the situation and the organization to logically support your replies.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-03
Course Title : Economic and Social Environment
Assignment Code : MS-03/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. a) Explain the reasons why a business manager be concerned with business environment?

b) Discuss how non-economic environment affects business decisions giving examples.

2. What are the major factors of widespread sickness among the SSI units? How can sickness be identified? Suggest measures to enhance economic viability of the segment.

3. Examine the progress of Indian economy towards globalization in the post reform years. Comment on the slow pace of progress of globalization and identify the major reasons.

4. a) What are the major problems of fiscal policy? Describe. a) Is the growth of public expenditure in India justified? Discuss.

5. Explain major trends in volume, composition and direction of India’s foreign trade in recent years. Do you think that these trends portray a favorable trade environment in the country?

6. Write short notes on the following: a) Balance of Payments b) Role of Public Sector c) Economic Development and Economic Growth

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-04
Course Title : Accounting and Finance for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-04/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. “ Accountancy is an Information System” do you agree? Substantiate your answer with
reasons. How does an Accountant help in planning and controlling a large commercial
organisation? Explain.
2. Prepare Cash Budget for April-Oct. 2017 from the information relating to Shah Agencies, a
trading concern:-

 

 The other expenses per month are: Rent Rs. 1,000, Depreciation Rs. 1,000, Misc. Expenses Rs. 500 and Commission 1% of sales. Of the sales, 80% is on credit and 20% for cash. 70% of the credit sales are collected in one month and the balance in two months. Debtors on March 31, 2017 represent Rs. 6,000 in respect of sales of February and Rs. 20,000 in respect of sales of March. There are no debt losses. Gross profit on sales on an average is 30%. Purchases equal to the next month’s sales are made every month and they are paid during the month in which they are made. The firm maintains a minimum cash balance of Rs. 10,000. Cash deficiencies are made up bank loans which are repaid at the earliest available opportunity and cash in excess of Rs. 15,000 is invested in securities (Interest on bank loans and securities is to be ignored). Outstanding liabilities remain unchanged.
3. Taking a suitable example and explain how the semi-variable costs will be segregated into
fixed and variable using the Scattergraph Method.
4. Aditi Ltd. is considering the selection of one a pair of mutually exclusive investment projects.
Both would involve purchase of machinery with a life of 5 years.
Project 1 would generate annual cash flows (receipts less payments) of Rs. 2,00,000; the
machinery would cost Rs. 5,56,000 and have a scrap value of Rs. 56,000.
Project 2 would generate annual cash flows of Rs.5,00,000; the machinery would cost Rs.
16,16,000 and have a scrap value of Rs. 4,31,000.
Company use the straight line method for providing depreciation. Its cost of capital is 15%
per annum. Assume that annual cash flows arise on the anniversaries of the initial outlay,
that there will be no price changes over the project lives and that acceptance of one of the
projects will not alter the required amount of working capital.
You are required to:
(a) Calculate for each project:
(i) the accounting rate or return (ratio, over project life, of average accounting
profit to average book value of investment) to nearest 1%.
(ii) the net present value
(iii) the internal rate or return (D.C.F. yield) to nearest 1%, and
(iv) the pay back period to one decimal place, and
(b) State which project you would select for acceptance, if either, giving reasons for
your choice of criterion to guide the decision. Ignore taxation.
5. “ Dividend can be paid only out of profits”. Explain this statement and also discuss your role
as a Finance Management in matters of dividend policy?

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-05
Course Title :
Management of Machines and Materials
Assignment No. : MS-05/TMA /SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. “Product development and design is basically a research and development activity”. Elaborate the statement with suitable examples.

2. What is work sampling? Why is it called a fact-finding tool? Describe some uses of work sampling.

3. Practical job shops are much more complicated and may have hundreds o f matching centres and thousands of jobs. Comment! Why do we resort to priority dispatching rules for sequencing jobs at each machine centre? Describe these rules.

4. How can FAST diagram act as a Value Engineering tool. Explain the basic methodology of FAST diagrams with the help of an example.

5. Write a brief note on need and role of classification, codification and standardization in the context of materials management from the viewpoint of planning, control, purchase and inventory management.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-6
Course Title : Marketing for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-6/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. (a) Define Marketing and discuss its scope as an exchange process between the firm and its customers. Illustrate with two suitable examples of your choice. (b) Scan various secondary data sources available to you and collect relevant data historically to discuss the importance of Marketing in an emerging economy like
India.
2. (a) Explain the term Market Planning. Discuss the elements of Marketing Mix and their role in formulating suitable strategy in the following situations. (i) Chain of Computer training centers (ii) Premium Unisex Talcum powder. (b) Define Market Segmentation and discuss its scope and the bases of segmentation that are relevant to the Indian Marketer.
3. (a) Who is a Consumer? Elaborate giving suitable examples. Why it is necessary for marketers to have a sound knowledge of the end user and their behavior. Discuss. (b) Distinguish between New Product Development with Product Life Cycle with an example.
4. (a) What is pricing? What are the major objectives of pricing for a marketer? Explain with suitable example the various pricing methods available to the marketer. (b) What make Distribution as one of the core function in a manufacturing concern? List out and discuss the major channels of distribution that you are familiar with suitable examples.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-07
Course Title : Information Systems for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-07/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. What is open source software? Where can one find Open Source software? Isn't it hard to get reliable support for open-source software? Explain the differences between commercial software, shareware, open source software, freeware, and public domain software.

2. What is change in the focus of operations management? Is this change in the focus is due to the increase of competitiveness in Business? Elaborate. Also illustrate, the capabilities expected of information systems in context of Operations Management.

3. Discuss the important features of Java. Describe the Java development tools and the six functional packages included in Java standard library.

4. What is the difference between a database and a data warehouse? Take a small representative database from any organization and try to convert it into a data warehouse. What are the visible advantages that you can make out?

5. Define Artificial Intelligence. Why is it said that some problems can only be solved through intuitive algorithms and thus are in the AI domain? Identify some latest managerial trends and issues related to applied AI technologies.

 

ASSIGNMENTS
Course Code : MS 08
Course Title : Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications
Assignment No. : MS-08/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center. 1. The net incomes of a sample of large importers of antiques were organized into the following table:

 

 

 

 

 3. Advertisements by Star Fitness Center claim that completing its course will result in losing weight. A random sample of eight recent participants showed the following weights before and after completing the course. At the .01 significance level, can we conclude that the students lost weight?


 (a) State the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis. (b) What is the critical value of t? (c) What is the computed value of t? (d) Interpret the result. What is the p-value? (e) What assumption needs to be made about the distribution of the differences?

 

4. What is time series analysis? Decompose a time series into its various components and describe them.

 

5. What is a random variable? How is it used to define a probability distribution? Make the probability distribution of “scores facing up” in a throw of two dice.

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-09
Course Title : Managerial Economics
Assignment Code : MS-09/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

 

1. Opportunity costs are the ‘costs of sacrificed alternatives.’ Discuss with the help of examples.

 

2. How are income effect and substitution effect important in explaining the negative slope of demand functions? Explain giving examples from real world.

 

3. When there are 2 inputs K, L, given the price of capital (PK)= 10 and price of labour (PL)=20. Total Expenditure C=100. Draw and explain the effect on the isocost curve in case of the following:- (i) decrease in price of labour (PL)=10 (ii) increase in the price of capital (PK)= 20 (iii) decrease in the price of capital (PK)= 5 (iv) increase in the firms budget with no change in the price of labour and capital.

 

4. Explain the difficulty in sustaining collusion with the help of prisoner’s dilemma.

 

5. Briefly discuss the Chronology of Indian Telecom Deregulation from the year 2003 to present times.

 

6. Write short notes on the following:-

(a) Market Demand curve

(b) Optimal Input Combination

(c) Peak Load Pricing

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-11
Course Title : Strategic Management
Assignment No. : 11/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. Select a specific type of business that you may wish to start.

 a) Develop a written mission statement for that business.

b) Formulate a set of goals for the business c) Formulate specific and verifiable objectives in the lines of the goals. d) Devise a statement of social responsibility for the business.

2. Explain the three generic strategies for a Small Business Unit (SBU). Also give an example of a business unit that competes with each strategy.

3. Assume that an airline company has changed its strategy from low-cost to low-costdifferentiation strategy. Describe an appropriate organization cultures for that company.

4. Differentiate between leadership and management. Support your answer with the help of examples.
5. Explain the concept of balanced scorecard (BSC)? As a strategist what challenges will you face
while developing and implementing a BSC? Discuss.

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 23
Course Title : Human Resource Planning
Assignment Code : MS-23 /TMA/SEM - I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.
1. Explain the concept of Human Resource forecasting. Describe the forecasting demand for employees in any organization you are familiar with. Discuss the issues in demand forecasting.
2. Explain the concept of job evaluation and objectives of job evaluation. Describe the various job evaluation methods with suitable examples from any organization you are familiar with.
3. Discuss the aims and objectives of career planning. Describe the process, structure and benefits of career planning. Explain at least two ways that career planning might benefit an individual.
4. Explain the concept, need and scope of HR Audit. Describe the essential steps involved in the auditing process being followed in any organization you are familiar with.
5. Discuss the role of human resource measures and audit in Human Resource Planning system. Describe the transformational process through social, economic, organizational and technological changes at work place.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-41
Course Title : Working Capital Management
Assignment No. : MS-41/TMA /SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. As a Finance Manager describe the various factors that you would take into consideration before assessing the working capital requirements.

2. The Average Monthly Usage of a particular item in Reliable Industries Limited in the current year is expected to be 3000 units. The fixed cost per order is Rs. 1500/-. The purchase price is Rs. 2400 per box, containing a dozen units in each box. It, however, is not necessary to order for the full box of 12 units. The inventory carrying cost is 25% of the inventory value per annum. The quantity discount allowed per unit is 2%. What will be the Optimum Order Quantity in each of the following three cases, on an Annual Usage Basis: When the minimum order size required for quantity discount is: (a) 1000 units (b) 3000 units (c) 10,000 units Give reasons for your specific answers in each of three cases separately, duly supported by facts and figures.

 

3. “Trade credit is regarded as a spontaneous source of short term finance”, discuss and comment.

 

4. The management of Royal Industries has called for a statement showing the working capital to finance a level of activity of 1,80,000 units of output for the year. The cost structure for the company’s product for the above mentioned activity level is detailed below:
Cost per unit Raw material Rs. 20 Direct labor 5 Overheads (including depreciation of Rs. 5 per unit) 15 --- Profit 40 Selling price 10 --- 50 --- Additional information: (a) Minimum desired cash balance is Rs. 20,000. (b) Raw materials are held in stock, on an average, for two months. (c) Work-in-progress (assume 50% completion stage) will approximate to halfa-month’s production. (d) Finished goods remain in warehouse, on an average, for a month. (e) Suppliers of materials extend a month’s credit and debtors are provided two month’s credit; cash sales are 25% of total sales. (f) There is a time-lag in payment of wages of a month; and half-a-month in the case of overheads. From the above facts, you are required to prepare a statement showing working capital requirements.

 

5. Discuss the critical decisions that you need to take in working capital management. Emphasize the important ways in which those decisions differ from those concerned with the management of the fixed capital of a business.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-42
Course Title : Capital Investment and Financing Decisions
Assignment No. : MS-42/TMA /SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. What is cost of Capital? How is it calculated for different sources of Capital? How is average weighted cost of Capital measured?

2. Discuss the various components of project planning. Explain the application o f work breakdown structure in monitoring and controlling a project.

3. What are major global sources of financing? Distinguish between Foreign Direct Investment and Portfolio Investment.

4. What are the major factors that are taken into consideration for determining the dividend policy of a company? Compare Walter’s Model with Gordon’s Model and examine their rationality.

5. What is financial engineering? Briefly discuss the financial engineering process that you will follow while developing new products or solutions.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-43
Course Title : Management Control Systems
Assignment No. : 43/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the Coordinator of your study center.

1. What are the implications of the ethical dimension in Management Control? Explain with the help of organisation of your choice. Give your suggestions on how the Management Control System could be made more effective?

2. ‘Every Responsibility Centre Manager in an organisation is an Expense Centre Manager also’. Do you agree with this statement and if so, try to demonstrate the same by giving examples.

3. Explain Performance Reporting in detail? What are the uses and limitations of Performance Reports?

4. What are the difficulties that you may face while designing the Management Control System for service organisations. You may select any service organisation of your choice. 5. Study the ‘Thana District co-operative Fisheries Project (B)’ case given in Block 5 of this course and answer the questions given at the end of the case.

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 51
Course Title : Operations Research
Assignment Code : MS-51/TMA/SEM - I /2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Enumerate, with brief description, some of the techniques of O.R. Describe the various steps involved in O.R. study.

2. The final product of a firm has a requirement that it must weigh exactly 150 kg. The two raw materials used in the manufacture of this product are A with a cost of Rs. 2 per unit and B with a cost of Rs. 8 per unit. Each unit of A weighs 5 kg. and each unit of B weighs 10 kg. At least 14 units of B and no more than 20 units of A must be used. How much of each type of raw material should be used for each unit of the final product if cost is to be minimized?

3. Discuss briefly: (a) The general similarities between dynamic programming and linear programming. (b) How dynamic programming differs conceptually from linear programming?

4. What constitutes inventory ordering costs, carrying costs and stock out costs? Explain the behaviour and relationship of these costs.

5. One hundred unemployed people were found to arrive at a one-person state unemployment office to obtain their unemployment compensation cheque according to the following frequency distribution.
Inter- arrival Frequency Service Time Frequency
Time (min) (min) 2 10 2 10 3 20 3 20 4 40 4 40 5 20 5 20 6 10 6 10 The state office is interested in predicting the operating characteristics of this one-person state unemployment office during a typical operating day from 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. Use simulation to determine the average waiting time and total time in the system, and the maximum queue length.

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 52
Course Title : Project Management
Assignment Code : MS-52/TMA/SEM - I /2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. What is the concept of concurrent engineering in project management and how can it be used to optimise project durations?
2. Economic analysis is done from societal point of view in contrast to financial analysis which is a private appraisal from the viewpoint of a producer. How does it bring about a change in the
methods of evaluation? Describe with examples.
3. A project comprising of eight tasks (A to H) has the following characteristics:

 

 


4. ‘Contract Planning’ phase of project is often compared with constructing the foundations of a
building – building will be as strong or as weak as its foundation. Justify.
5. (a) Explain the use and advantages of squared networks in project management.
(b) What are network-based milestone charts and what are their advantages and
disadvantage as compared to squared networks?

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 53
Course Title : Production/Operations Management
Assignment Code : MS-53/TMA/SEM - I /2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. A principle feature of JIT and TQM is large-scale employee involvement and employee empowerment. What do these concepts mean? Explain with suitable examples. 2. What are the various methods of judgmental forecasting? Comment on possible errors that are associated with judgmental forecasting. Suggest some do’s and don’t for carrying out judgmental forecasting.

3. Capacity will be modified in response to demand. Demand will be modified in response to capacity. Which of these two statements is correct? Give reasons for your answer.

4. Discuss briefly the major differences between aggregate planning in manufacturing and aggregate planning in services. Give suitable examples.

5. Operations personnel usually have a large volume and variety of resources at their command- they should endeavor to make effective and efficient use of these resources to achieve the largest outputs. Comment! What are the approaches for enhancing the utilization of resources?

6. Discuss the impact of new technologies on the role of an Operations Manager in an organization? Give suitable examples.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 54
Course Title : Management Information Systems
Assignment Code : MS-54/TMA/SEM - I /2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. What is the relevance of the Nolan’s Stage Growth Model for the study of information systems in today’s organisation?

2. What are the various stages of a system development life cycle and how are the efforts distributed over these phases?

3. What are the various ways in which serial transmission can be achieved? Explain each way in detail.

4. List the five problems which may motivate an organization to move toward the database approach. Explain the significance of each one to a manager to an organization. 5. (a) “Compute virus is a major threat to compute security.” Justify the statement. (b) Why should there be law against benign computer virus maker? What harm can it cause to your computer?

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 61
Course Title : Consumer Behaviour
Assignment Code : MS-61/TMA/SEM - I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt any six questions and submit your assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. Differentiate between organizational buying and individual buying. Taking any product of your choice for your personal purchase and for organizational purposes, explain the differences.

2. Briefly explain the concept of family life cycle. Which stage of the family life cycle could constitute a lucrative segment for the following? Giver reasons for your answer. Recommend a positioning strategy for each: (a) Pizza (Takeaway and delivery only) (b) Branded Gold Jewellery

3. ABC is a prominent company in the travel and vacation industry (both domestic and international).

(a) Describe how the company can use VALS

(b) Which segments should it target and why?

4. Explain the relevance of studying Howard Sheth Model of consumer behaviour for a marketer.

5. What is the need to study post purchase behaviour of consumers? Explain its implications for the marketers of consumer durables like refrigerators and washing machines.

6. Why is information search behaviour important to the marketers? Explain giving suitable examples.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 62
Course Title : Sales Management
Assignment Code : MS-62/TMA/SEM – I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.
1. (a) What are the major function of Sales Management in the following situations. (i) Cement company with all
India operations. (ii) Leading automobile components manufactures. (iii) Company assembling Desktop Computers Systems. (b) Explain the interdependence of Sales function with the distribution function by taking two examples of your choice.
2. (a) What is Marketing Communication? Discuss, Explain the various elements in the communication process and their role in the whole communication process. (b) What is a presentation? Describe the different types of Sales Presentations. Discuss why presentation skills are important for a Salesman.
3. (a) What is recruitment? Discuss the various sources of recruitment that a firm can adopt.

(b) Explain the process of identifying training needs in the following situations. (i) Missionary Selling (ii) Space Selling (iii) Capital goods sales force.

4. (a) What are the major responsibilities of a Sales Manager? Discuss by taking an example of your choice the role and challenges of a Sales Manager.

(b) What are the objectives of Sales Planning? Pick up an example of any FMCG Company and elaborate its importance.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 63
Course Title : Product Management
Assignment Code : MS-63/TMA/SEM – I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt any six questions and submit your assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 , to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. As a Brand Manager of a leading multi-speciality hospital with all India operations, what brand name would you suggest? Justify your choice.

2. Taking the example of toothpaste, explain how you can generate new product ideas using: (a) Attribute analysis (b) Focus groups

3. Explain the factors influencing product line decisions in respect of FMCG products.

4. Taking the example of a product of your choice, explain how a company’s marketing mix strategies may vary depending on different stages of its product life cycle.

 5. Explain the various interpretations of the term ‘new product’ giving suitable examples. 6. What do you understand by the term ‘convenience products’ and ‘speciality products’? How does the buying behaviour differ for the two? Explain its implications for the marketers.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 64
Course Title : International Marketing
Assignment Code : MS-64/TMA/SEM - I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt any six questions and submit your assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. What do you understand by the term ‘International Marketing’? Explain the reasons for which firms enter international markets.

2. Explain the contents and significance of the following documents: (a) Commercial Invoice (b) Packing List.

3. ‘Cultural diversities across countries impact the marketing strategies of an international marketer’. Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer giving suitable examples.

4. Differentiate between the following: (a) ‘Free Trade Area’ and ‘Customs Union’ (b) ‘Pre-investment’ and ‘Post investment’ planning for management of political risk. (c) ‘Ethnocentric’ and ‘Polycentric’ orientations.

5. What is the effect of ‘terms of delivery’ on the price to be quoted by an exporter? Explain giving an example.

6. With the help of an example explain how a marketing manager can use ‘country attractiveness/competitive strengths’ matrix to define the directions of growth for the organization.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 65
Course Title : Marketing of Services
Assignment Code : MS-65/TMA/SEM – I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt any six questions and submit your assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. How is information search behaviour different in case of services as compared to goods? Explain giving suitable examples.

 2. Discuss the importance of non-monetary costs in pricing decisions for services, taking the example of health care services.

3. ‘Customer waiting can be managed only by operations management’. Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer giving suitable examples.

4. Is physical evidence equally important for all kinds of services? Explain giving suitable examples.

5. Why do customers switch service providers? Can you do anything as a marketer to prevent the customers from switching? Discuss.

6. Explain the Gronroos Model of service quality, taking the example of a restaurant.

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-91
Course Title : Advanced Strategic Management
Assignment Code : 91/TMA/SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study centre.

1. a) Discuss the nature and process of corporate planning.

b) Select a company of your choice and explain the behavioral implementation of corporate plan discussing details of the company.

2. Discuss the issues which result in bad Corporate Governance citing examples. What measures should be taken to correct such failures.

3. Discuss different market structures and their impact on competition.

4. What are the characteristics of innovative organizations? Giving the example of an organization, explain how creativity contributes to the success of the organization.

5. What are the various types of Social Audit? Illustrate and emphasize the need for social audit.

6. Write short notes on the following: a) Product Life Cycle b) Knowledge Management c) Corporate Philanthropy

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 92
Course Title : Management of Public Enterprises
Assignment Code : MS-92/TMA/SEM - I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Briefly discuss the various organizational forms which a Public Sector Enterprise can take?

2. Explain the ideal way in which the Government should interact with Public Enterprises to facilitate their operations in public interest.

3. What is the need for setting up of State Level Public Enterprises (SLPEs)? Discuss in detail with reference to any SLPE of your choice.

 4. Describe the Composition of the Board for the Management of Administration of Public Enterprises. Examine how does it enjoy wider responsibilities than the Boards of Private Sector Enterprises?

5. What are the benefits from privatization? Explain how change of ownership improves efficiency?

 6. Write short notes on the following:- (a) Navaratna Dispensation (b) Performance of Ports (c) Labour Redundancy

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS - 93
Course Title : Management of New and Small Enterprises
Assignment Code : MS-93/TMA/SEM - I /2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Explain how Government can create conducive environment to facilitate the functioning of MSMEs.

2. How is technological process determined, once the decision to make the product has been decided?

3. Discuss the common errors identified while formulating the business plan.

4. What are the key strategic decisions in the selection of product, its development and design along with the development of prototype?

5. How do the entrepreneurs estimate their needs and plan their cash schedules? Explain. 6. Write short notes on the following :- (a) Employment Creation (b) Selection of Site (c) Family Business

 

 

ASSIGNMENT
Course Code : MS-95
Course Title : Research Methodology for Management Decisions
Assignment No. : MS-95/TMA /SEM-I/2017
Coverage : All Blocks
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before
30th April, 2017 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. A social scientist sampled 140 people and classified them according to income level and whether
or not they played a state lottery in the last month. The sample information is reported below. Is it
reasonable to conclude that playing the lottery is related to income level? Use the .05 significance
level.
Income
Low Middle High Total
Played 46 28 21 95
Did not play 14 12 19 45
Total 60 40 40 140
(a) What is this table called?
(b) State the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis.
(c) What is the decision rule?
(d) Determine the value of chi-square.
(e) Make a decision on the null hypothesis. Interpret the result.
2. What is of more value to the corporate world –basic, fundamental, or applied research? Justify
your reasoning!
3. Distinguish between secondary and primary methods of data collection. Is it possible to use
secondary data methods as substitutes of primary methods? Justify your answer with suitable
illustrations.
4. What is a systematic sample? How is it selected? What are the advantages and disadvantages of a
systematic sample?
5. Discuss the applications of rating scales in various functional areas of management.

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